Karl Birnbaum

Japanese: ビルンバウム（英語表記）Karl Birnbaum

1878‐1950?
German psychiatrist. Director of the Berlin-Buch Psychiatric Hospital. Professor at the University of Berlin. His major work, The Constitution of Mental Illnesses (1923), was praised for presenting a new perspective on the understanding of the formation of psychiatric symptoms. In it, he distinguished between factors that constitute a psychiatric symptom, which are directly related to the disease process itself, and factors that are formative, such as constitution, age, sex, environment, situation, and experiences, which give color and a special shape to the content of the symptom. He also listed three auxiliary concepts: predisposition, which is related to the state of predisposition for the formation of symptoms; premorbid traits, which is related to the state of predisposition for the formation of symptoms; and inducement, which is related to the induction and activation of the disease.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

1878‐1950？
ドイツの精神医学者。ベルリン･ブーフ精神病院長。ベルリン大学員外教授。主著《精神病の構成》(1923)は，精神病の病像形成の理解に対する新しい見方を示したものとして評価された。そこでは精神病像を構成する因子として，本来の疾病過程に直接関連する病像成因的な要素と，病像の内容に色彩と特別な形姿とを与える体質，年齢，性別，環境，状況，諸体験などのような病像形成的な要素とを概念的に区別し，さらに補助概念として病像成因的準備状態に関連する素因，病像形成的準備状態に関連する病前形質，疾病の誘発と活動化に関連する誘発の3概念を挙げた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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