Austrian surgeon. He established the foundations of modern abdominal surgery. Born on the island of Rügen, he was of Swedish ancestry. He studied at the universities of Greifswald, Göttingen, and Berlin, and served as an assistant to Bernhard von Langenbeck (1810-1887) in the Department of Surgery at the University of Berlin from 1853 to 1860. He became a professor of surgery at the University of Zurich in 1860, and transferred to the University of Vienna in 1867. He developed many surgical methods for limb organs, including the first esophageal resection in 1872 and the successful resection of a cancer-affected pylorus in 1881, with careful preparation and bold procedures, including experiments on animals. Direct suturing of the stomach and duodenum after the resection of stomach cancer is called the Billroth I procedure, and anastomosis of the stomach to the jejunum is called the Billroth II procedure, and these terms are still in use today. He was also an excellent pathologist, and always reflected on his own surgical results. He was also known as a music lover, and was a lifelong friend of Brahms. [Nakagawa Rice Brewing] [References] | |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
オーストリアの外科医。近代腹部外科の基礎をつくった。リューゲン島に生まれ、先祖はスウェーデン系である。グライフスワルト、ゲッティンゲン、ベルリンの各大学で学び、1853~1860年ベルリン大学外科のランゲンベックBernhard von Langenbeck(1810―1887)の助手を勤め、1860年からチューリヒ大学の外科教授、1867年ウィーン大学に転じた。1872年最初の食道切除、1881年癌(がん)に冒された胃幽門切除の成功など、多くの肢部臓器の手術法を、動物を用いての試みを含む周到な準備と大胆な施術で開発した。胃癌の切除後に胃と十二指腸を直接縫合することをビルロートI法といい、胃を空腸に吻合(ふんごう)することを同じくⅡ法というが、その呼称は今日も用いられている。病理学者としても優れており、つねに自分の手術成績を反省していた。また音楽愛好者としても知られており、ブラームスとは終生親交があった。 [中川米造] [参照項目] | |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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