Buisson (English spelling) Ferdinand Edouard Buisson

French educator and administrator of education. He taught philosophy at the University of Neuchâtel in Switzerland from 1866. He participated in the Geneva Peace Conference in 1867 and advocated the formation of the "United States of Europe". In 1879, he was appointed by the Minister of Education J. Ferry to head the Ministry of Education's Elementary and Secondary Education Bureau, where he made great contributions to the administration of elementary education, such as the establishment of the teacher education system, the free public elementary school education, the establishment of the compulsory education system, and the separation of religion and education. In 1890, he became the Superintendent General of Schools, during which time he published the Dictionary of Education ( Dictionnaire de pédagogie ) in 7 volumes (1893). In 1896, he was elected professor of education at the Sorbonne (University of Paris), and later a member of the National Assembly (1902-1914), devoting himself to education, peace, and charity. In 1927, he was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize along with Ludwig Quidde (1858-1941) of Germany.

[Masahiko Oe]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランスの教育学者、教育行政家。1866年よりスイス・ヌーシャテル大学で哲学を担当。1867年ジュネーブ平和会議に参加、「ヨーロッパ合衆国」の結成を主唱した。1879年、文相J・フェリーに登用されて文部省初等中等教育局長となり、師範教育制度の整備、公立小学校の無償化、義務教育制度の確立、宗教と教育の分離など、初等教育行政に大きな功績を残した。1890年には視学総監となり、この間『教育学辞典』Dictionnaire de pédagogie全7巻（1893）を刊行。1896年ソルボンヌ大学（パリ大学）教育学教授、ついで下院議員（1902～1914）に選ばれ、教育、平和、慈善事業に尽くす。1927年ノーベル平和賞をドイツのクビッデLudwig Quidde（1858―1941）とともに受賞した。

［大江正比古］

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