Indicator - Injikator (English spelling) indicator

Japanese: インジケーター - いんじけーたー(英語表記)indicator
Indicator - Injikator (English spelling) indicator

This is a measuring instrument that measures the relationship between the change in pressure in the cylinder of a reciprocating heat engine such as a gasoline engine or steam engine and the piston position (or crank angle). There are three types of pressure recording: electrical, mechanical, and optical. Among these, the electrical type, which utilizes the piezoelectric effect, is widely used because it allows the measuring instrument to be made small and is easy to install on the engine. The diagram showing the relationship between the pressure in the cylinder measured by this measuring instrument and the volume is called an indicator diagram. The area enclosed in the clockwise direction on the diagram represents the work that can be extracted from the piston, and the area enclosed in the counterclockwise direction represents the work done from the outside, so the indicated horsepower, which is the work done by the gas in the cylinder to the piston, can be calculated from the area enclosed by the diagram. This diagram, which is plotted on a double logarithmic graph, can show the timing of opening and closing the valves and the appropriateness of the ignition timing, and plays an important role in research into improving engine performance.

[Masatake Yoshida]

[Reference item] | Indicated horsepower
Indicator diagram (example of a four-stroke gasoline engine)
©Shogakukan ">

Indicator diagram (4-stroke gasoline engine...


Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

ガソリンエンジン、蒸気機関など往復動熱機関シリンダー内の圧力の変化とピストン位置(または、クランク角度)との関係を測定する計測器。圧力の記録方法で電気式、機械式、光学式がある。このなかで圧電効果などを利用する電気式が計測器を小型化できるため、エンジンへの取り付けの容易さから広く用いられている。この計測器で測定したシリンダー内圧力と容積の関係を示す線図をインジケーター線図といい、線図で時計回りに囲まれた面積はピストンから外に取り出せる仕事を表し、反時計回りに囲まれた面積は外からされる仕事を表すので、線図で囲まれた面積からシリンダー内ガスがピストンにする仕事である図示馬力が求められる。この線図を両対数グラフで表した線図で弁の開閉時期、点火時期の適否などがわかり、エンジンの性能向上の研究に重要な役割をもっている。

[吉田正武]

[参照項目] | 図示馬力
インジケーター線図(4行程ガソリン機関の例)
©Shogakukan">

インジケーター線図(4行程ガソリン機関…


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