Stamp - stamp

Japanese: 印紙 - いんし(英語表記)stamp
Stamp - stamp

A document representing a certain amount of money issued by a state as a means of collecting revenue. When paying certain taxes or fees, a stamp is purchased and paid by affixing it to a document or account book. Once affixed, the stamp is stamped and cannot be used again. The method of collecting revenue using stamps was first adopted in the Netherlands in 1624, and gradually spread to other European countries thereafter. A particularly famous example in history is the Stamp Act, which was imposed by the United Kingdom on its colonies in America in 1765. In Japan, stamps first began to be used based on the Rules for Affixing Stamps to Receipt Documents, which were enacted in 1873 (Meiji 6).

There are eight types of stamps currently used in Japan: revenue stamps, employment insurance stamps, national pension stamps, health insurance stamps, agricultural product inspection stamps, automobile inspection and registration stamps, automobile weight tax stamps, and patent stamps. Employment insurance stamps and national pension stamps are used to pay the respective insurance premiums, health insurance stamps are used to pay the health insurance premiums of day laborers, agricultural product inspection stamps and automobile inspection and registration stamps are used to pay the respective fees, automobile weight tax stamps are used to pay taxes, and patent stamps are used to pay the application and registration fees for patents and utility models. Except for the above seven types of stamps, revenue stamps are used in all cases where payment by stamp is permitted by law, and the main ones are stamp taxes, registration and license taxes, fines, and penalties. Counterfeiting, alteration, and imitation of stamps are regulated by the Stamp Offense Punishment Act and the Stamp Counterfeiting Control Act.

[Masatoshi Hayashi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

国が歳入金を徴収する一つの手段として発行する一定の金額を表す証票。特定の租税や手数料を納付する際に印紙を購入し、証書や帳簿に貼用(ちょうよう)する形で納付する。貼用された印紙には消印がされるから、ふたたび使用することはできない。印紙による歳入金の徴収方法は1624年にオランダにおいて初めて採用され、その後しだいにヨーロッパ諸国に広まった。歴史上とくに有名なのは、1765年にイギリスが植民地アメリカに課した印紙条令である。日本では、1873年(明治6)に制定された受取証文印紙貼用心得方規則に基づいて使用され始めたのが最初である。

 日本で現在使用されているのは、収入印紙、雇用保険印紙、国民年金印紙、健康保険印紙、農産物検査印紙、自動車検査登録印紙、自動車重量税印紙、特許印紙の8種類である。雇用保険印紙、国民年金印紙はそれぞれの保険料の納付、健康保険印紙は日雇労働者の健康保険料の納付、農産物検査印紙、自動車検査登録印紙はそれぞれの手数料の納付、自動車重量税印紙は租税の納付、特許印紙は特許や実用新案などの出願・登録の手数量の納付の手段として使用される。収入印紙は、以上7種の印紙を使用する場合を除き、法律によって印紙による納付が認められているすべての場合に使用され、そのおもなものは、印紙税、登録免許税、罰金、科料などである。印紙の偽造、変造、模造は、印紙犯罪処罰法や印紙等模造取締法により取り締まられている。

[林 正寿]

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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