...Toxoids against snake venom have also been created. Historically, the first toxoids were created in the early 1930s by Gaston Ramon (1886-1963) of France and others who discovered that adding formaldehyde to a culture of the diphtheria bacillus and leaving it for a long period of time weakened the toxicity without losing immunogenicity (Ramon called this anatoxin). When protein toxins are treated with formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde, the amino acids that make up the protein toxins, such as lysine, tyrosine, and tryptophan, are chemically modified, resulting in the loss of toxicity. ... *Some of the terminology that mentions "Ramon, G." is listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…ヘビ毒に対するトキソイドもつくられている。歴史的には,フランスのラモンGaston Ramon(1886‐1963)らによって,ジフテリア菌の培養液にホルムアルデヒドを加えて長期間放置すると,免疫原性を失うことなしに毒性を弱められることが1930年代の初期に見いだされたのが,トキソイドがつくり出された最初である(ラモンはこれをアナトキシンanatoxinと呼んだ)。タンパク質性の毒素をホルムアルデヒドやグルタルアルデヒドなどで処理すると,そのタンパク質毒素を構成しているアミノ酸のうちのリジン,チロシン,トリプトファンなどが化学修飾され,その結果毒性が失われる。… ※「Ramon,G.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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