An engineered safety system for nuclear reactors, it is a system that is installed to prevent large-scale damage to the fuel and to keep the fuel in a shape that can continue to be cooled by injecting coolant into the reactor in the event of a loss of coolant accident. It is abbreviated as ECCS. In the early 1970s, a debate arose in the United States regarding the validity of the design of ECCS for light water reactors, following the results of a simulation test that tested the effectiveness of the ECCS. However, since then, knowledge of the behavior of the core when ECCS is activated in actual nuclear reactors has increased dramatically, and confidence in its effectiveness is growing. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
原子炉の工学的安全施設の一つであって,冷却材喪失事故時などに原子炉内に冷却材を注入することにより,燃料の大規模な破損を防止し燃料を引き続き冷却し続けうる形状に保つことを目的として設置されるシステム。略してECCSと呼ぶ。軽水炉用のECCSの有効性を試験した模擬試験の結果をめぐって1970年代前半にアメリカでこの設計の妥当性に関する論争が行われたが,その後アメリカのLoFT(Loss of Flow Testの略)計画をはじめとする多数の炉内・炉外実験,およびこれらの結果を解析する熱流力計算プログラムの開発と検証により,実際の原子炉におけるECCS作動時の炉心挙動についての知見は格段に増大し,その有効性についての確信は深まりつつある。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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