Extraordinary Appeal - Hijōjōkoku

Japanese: 非常上告 - ひじょうじょうこく
Extraordinary Appeal - Hijōjōkoku
A procedure for correcting a criminal case that has already been decided upon and that is found to have violated the law (Criminal Procedure Law, Articles 454-460). While an appeal is a means of protesting against an unfinalized judgment, an extraordinary appeal is a means of relief after the judgment has been finalized. The petition is filed by the Attorney General to the Supreme Court. Unlike a retrial, the accused does not have the right to petition, and an error in the findings of fact is not a reason for petitioning. The judgment of an extraordinary appeal does not have any effect on the accused, except in cases where the original judgment is set aside because it violated the law and was disadvantageous to the accused (Article 459). Therefore, many scholars argue that the purpose of this system is to unify the interpretation of laws and regulations rather than to provide relief for wrongful convictions.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
すでに確定した刑事事件の判決について,その事件の審判が法令に違反していたことが判明した場合に認められる是正のための手続 (刑事訴訟法 454~460) 。上告が未確定の判決に対する不服申立ての手段であるのに対し,非常上告は判決確定後の救済手段である。その申立ては,検事総長から最高裁判所に対して行われる。再審とは異なり,被告人であった者には申立権はなく,また事実認定の誤りは申立ての理由とならない。非常上告の判決は,原判決が法令に違反し,被告人のために不利益であるために破棄された場合を除いて,被告人に効力を及ぼさない (459条) 。したがって,この制度の目的は,誤判の救済よりも法令の解釈の統一をはかることにあると説く学説が多い。

出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報

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