A cytoplasmic projection observed under an electron microscope on the free surface of an animal cell or in the gap between adjacent cells. It is 0.2 to several micrometers long and approximately 0.1 micrometers in diameter. Well-developed microvilli have a glycoprotein coating (glycocalyx) on the outside and axial filaments run through the center, reaching into the cell, forming a terminal reticulum layer. The microvilli of developing oocytes, small intestinal epithelial cells, and epithelial cells of the main part of the kidney tubules are uniform in diameter and length, densely packed and regularly arranged, forming a structure called the brush border. Various digestive enzymes are localized in the small intestinal brush border. [Sadao Yasugi] ©Masazumi Fujita "> 3D diagram of an animal cell Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
動物細胞の自由表面や隣接する細胞間の間隙(かんげき)に、電子顕微鏡的に観察される細胞質性の突起をいう。長さは0.2ないし数マイクロメートル、直径はおよそ0.1マイクロメートル程度である。よく発達した微絨毛は外側に糖タンパク質性の外被(糖衣)をもち、中心には中軸細糸が走って細胞内まで達し、中軸細糸は端網層を形成する。成長期の卵母細胞、小腸上皮細胞、腎臓(じんぞう)の細尿管主部の上皮細胞の微絨毛は直径と長さが一様で、密生して規則正しく配列し、刷子縁(さっしえん)とよばれる構造を形成する。小腸刷子縁には各種消化酵素が局在する。 [八杉貞雄] ©藤田正純"> 動物細胞の立体模式図 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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