Bandeira Filho, Manuel Carneiro de Sousa

Japanese: バンデイラ（英語表記）Bandeira Filho， Manuel Carneiro de Sousa

Born: April 19, 1886, Recife, Pernambuco
[Died] October 13, 1968, Rio de Janeiro. Brazilian poet. He received his secondary education in Rio de Janeiro and entered the Faculty of Engineering at the University of São Paulo, but had to abandon his studies due to tuberculosis and recuperate in Europe. After returning to Brazil, he published his first collection of poems, A Cinza das Horas (Ashes of Time), in 1917, which was highly praised, and two years later published Carnaval, becoming a promoter of Brazilian modernism. He taught literature at the Pedro II College from 1938 to 1943, and became a member of the Brazilian Academy of Letters in 1940. His other works include the poetry collections Libertinagem (1930), Estrela da Manhã (Morning Star) (36), Opus 10 (Opus 10) (52), Poesias Completas (Complete Poems) (44-54), Estrela da Tarde (Evening Star) (63), as well as the critical essays Noções de História das Literaturas (Outlines of the History of Literature) (40) and De Poetas e de Poesia (On Poetry and Poets) (54).

Bandeira
bandeira

From the late 16th century to the 18th century, Portuguese expeditions in Brazil searched for gold and silver mines and rounded up indigenous people (Indians) needed for labor in the colonial industries (sugar cane cultivation, mining) and their activities. The members of the expeditions were called bandeirantes. The expeditions were mainly composed of mixed-race Portuguese and Indians (mameluco), and they expanded the territory of Brazil inland by conquering the Indians who lived a primitive life in the forests of the interior.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1886.4.19. ペルナンブコ，レシフェ
[没]1968.10.13. リオデジャネイロ
ブラジルの詩人。リオデジャネイロで中等教育を受け，サンパウロ大学工学部に入学したが，結核のため勉学を断念しヨーロッパで静養。帰国後の 1917年第1詩集『時の灰』A Cinza das Horasを出版して称賛を受け，2年後『カーニバル』 Carnavalを発表，ブラジル近代主義の推進者となった。 38～43年ペドロ2世高校で文学を教え，40年ブラジル文学アカデミー会員となった。ほかに，詩集『放縦』 Libertinagem (1930) ，『明けの明星』 Estrela da Manhã (36) ，『作品第 10』 Opus 10 (52) ，『全詩集』 Poesias Completas (44～54) ，『宵の明星』 Estrela da Tarde (63) ，評論『文学史概説』 Noções de História das Literaturas (40) ，『詩と詩人について』 De Poetas e de Poesia (54) 。

バンデイラ
bandeira

16世紀末から 18世紀にかけてのポルトガル植民地ブラジルで，金・銀鉱山を探したり，植民地産業 (サトウキビ栽培，鉱山) の労働力として必要な先住民 (インディオ) を駆り集めるための奥地遠征隊およびその事業。そのメンバーをバンデイランテス bandeirantesと呼んだ。主としてポルトガル人とインディオとの混血児 (マメルーコ) で隊を組織し，内陸の森林地帯で原始的生活を送っていたインディオを征服しながら，ブラジルの領土を内陸に拡大していった。

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