Fan Kuan

Japanese: 范寛 - はんかん（英語表記）Fan Kuan

A Chinese painter from the early Northern Song Dynasty. Born in Huayuan (Yao County, Shaanxi Province). His given name was Zhongzheng, and his literary name was Zhongli. It is said that Fan Kuan was nicknamed this because of his gentle and generous nature. He first studied Li Cheng's painting style, but later studied under Jing Hao, and his main focus was to depict the true scenery of nature. He used the deep valleys and huge mountains of Shaanxi as his subject matter, expressing the main mountains and huge spaces with a sense of mass that overwhelms the viewer. Naturalism was the most distinctive feature of Chinese painting during the Northern Song Dynasty, and Fan Kuan's landscape paintings seem to have owed more to naturalism than those of Li Cheng. The styles of Fan Kuan and Li Cheng divided the landscape painting of North China during the Northern Song Dynasty into two, and were mainly passed down in the Shaanxi region. They had many successors until the end of the Northern Song Dynasty when Guo Xi combined and blended the two styles to develop a new style of landscape painting based on North China. Representative works include "Traveling through the Mountains and Streams" and "Sitting Alone Along the Stream" (Taipei, National Palace Museum).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

中国，北宋初期の画家。華原 (陝西省耀県) の人。名は中正，字は仲立，寛はその性格が温厚で度量が大きかったため，人々がそう呼んだ通称ともいわれる。初め李成の画法を学んだが，のちに荊浩を師としたといわれ，自然の真景を描写することを主眼とした。陝西の深い谷や巨山を題材として，観者を圧倒するような塊量感をもつ主山と巨大空間を表現。北宋時代における中国絵画の最大の特色は自然主義にあったが，范寛の山水画は李成画以上に自然主義に負うところが大きかったようである。また，范寛と李成の画風は北宋時代の華北山水画を二分する力をもっており，主として陜西地方に伝承され，北宋末期に郭煕によって両者が複合，折衷され，新たな華北系山水画風が展開されるまで多くの継承者を出した。代表作『渓山行旅図』『臨流独坐図』 (台北，故宮博物院) 。

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