Varna (English spelling)

Japanese: バルナ（英語表記）Varna

The capital of Varna Province in northeastern Bulgaria. It is located on the north shore of Varna Bay on the west coast of the Black Sea. Founded by the Greeks in the 6th century BC and called Odessos, it adopted its present name during the First Bulgarian Empire (681-1018). It became part of the Ottoman Empire in 1389, but as a result of the Russo-Turkish War it became part of Bulgaria again in 1878. It developed rapidly after being connected to Sofia by rail (1888) and a modern port was built (1906). It handles almost half of Bulgaria's water traffic. Shipbuilding, flour milling and other industries are also located here. It is the center of grape cultivation and produces wine. It has wide tree-lined avenues, a coastal park, and a beach with modern facilities. To the north is Lake Varna, and the area is a tourist resort. After World War II, the city's name was temporarily changed to Stalin (1949-1956). Population: 314,913 (1991 estimate).

Varna
Varuṇa

In Hindu mythology, he is the god of the sky and the god who rules over water. He was later considered the protector of the law and was adopted into Buddhism as one of the twelve deities or eight deities, and is considered the god of water (Suiten) who protects the west. He is usually depicted as a dragon king who lives in the water, wearing a five-dragon crown and riding a turtle, holding a dragon rope in his left hand and a sword in his right. In esoteric Buddhism, he is one of the four great deities of the Vajrayana Mandala, or one of the twenty deities of the Outer Vajrayana section. He is located in the Outer Vajrayana section of the Garbha Mandala.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ブルガリア北東部，バルナ州の州都。黒海西岸のバルナ湾北岸に位置する。前6世紀ギリシア人により建設されてオデッソスと呼ばれ，第1次ブルガリア帝国時代 (681～1018) に現在名となった。 1389年オスマン帝国領となったが，露土戦争の結果，1878年再びブルガリア領となった。ソフィアと鉄道で結ばれ (1888) ，近代的な港湾が建設された (1906) のち急速に発展。ブルガリアの水運の半分近くを扱う。造船，製粉などの工業も立地。ブドウ栽培の中心で，ワインを産する。広い並木道，海岸公園，近代的施設のある海水浴場があり，北にはバルナ湖があって，一帯は観光保養地。第2次世界大戦後，一時 (49～56) 市名をスターリンと変えた。人口 31万 4913 (1991推計) 。

バルナ
Varuṇa

インド神話における天空の神，水を支配する神。やがて律法の維持者とされ，仏教に取入れられて十二天または八方天の一つとして，西方を守護する水の神 (水天) と考えられている。普通は五竜冠を戴いて亀に乗り，水中に住む竜王の形で表わされ，左手に竜索，右手には剣を持つ。密教では金剛界曼荼羅の四大神，または外金剛部の二十天の一つ。胎蔵界曼荼羅の外金剛部院に位置する。

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