Busoni

Japanese: ブゾーニ
Busoni
Italian composer and pianist. Both parents were musicians, and his mother was of German descent. He was born in Empoli, near Florence, and spent his childhood in Graz, Austria. He was known as a child prodigy from an early age, and was highly praised by Hanslick at a concert in Vienna. He gained fame as a virtuoso in Europe and the United States, and in 1888 he began to edit and arrange JS Bach's clavier works for piano. After teaching in Helsinki, Moscow, and Boston, he moved to Berlin in 1894. After that, he began to compose in earnest while performing and teaching, and released works such as Violin Sonata No. 2 (1900) and Piano Concerto (1904). In 1907, he published his major work, A New Aesthetics of Sound Art (revised and expanded in 1910). He proposed a new scale to replace major and minor keys, and discussed changes in musical form, polytonality, and microtonality. His later masterpieces include the piano piece Contrapuntal Fantasy (1912), six Sonatinas (1912-1920), the orchestral piece La Lullaby (1909), the operas Choosing a Bride (1910), Arlecchino (1916), and the unfinished Doctor Faust based on Marlowe's original (1916-1924, completed by his close friend, composer P. Jarnach (1892-1982), premiered in 1925). →Barès/Weill → Related topics Krschenek | Haskil | Lurie

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:
イタリアの作曲家,ピアノ奏者。両親ともに音楽家で,母はドイツ系。フィレンツェに近いエンポリで生まれ,オーストリアのグラーツで少年期を送る。早くから神童として鳴らし,ウィーンでの演奏会ではハンスリックの絶賛を浴びた。以後欧米各地でビルトゥオーソとして名声を高める一方,1888年J.S.バッハのクラビーア作品の校訂・ピアノ用編曲に着手。ヘルシンキ,モスクワ,ボストンで教職に就いたのち1894年以降はベルリンを拠点にした。以後,演奏と教職のかたわら本格的な作曲活動に入り,《バイオリン・ソナタ第2番》(1900年),《ピアノ協奏曲》(1904年)などを発表。1907年には主著《音芸術の新美学》(増補改訂1910年)を刊行。長短調に代わる新たな音階を提唱し,楽曲形式の変革や多調,微分音を論じた。その後の代表作に,ピアノ曲《対位法的幻想曲》(1912年),《ソナチネ》6曲(1912年−1920年),管弦楽曲《悲しき子守歌》(1909年),オペラ《嫁選び》(1910年),《アルレッキーノ》(1916年),マーローの原作による未完の《ファウスト博士》(1916年−1924年,親友の作曲家P.ヤルナッハ〔1892-1982〕により補筆・完成され1925年初演)などがある。→バレーズ/ワイル
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