Tang Shiru - Tang Shiru

A Chinese calligrapher from the mid-Qing Dynasty. Born in Huaining, Anhui Province. His original name was Yan, and his pen name was Shiru, but later he took Shiru as his given name and changed his pen name to Ganbo, and took the character "Wan" from the name of the mountain that towered over his hometown, Wangongshan, to call himself Wanbaishanren. His family was poor, and he studied almost entirely on his own. He never entered the government service, and instead traveled around the country selling calligraphy and seals to make a living. He established the foundations of his calligraphy by staying at Mei Liu's house in Jiangning (Nanjing) for eight years in his thirties, where he spent day and night studying ancient tablet collections. He excelled in all aspects of his work, but his revival of seal engraving was called the best of the Qing Dynasty, with bold, bold and elegant designs. He revived the spirit of Han seals and established a new, bold style of seal carving, and was revered as the master of modern seal carving. His disciple Bao Shichen and others considered him the founder of the Bei School, and he had a great influence on later generations. His collected works include "Wanbai Mountain Ren Seal Carving Occasionally Preserved" and "Selected Works of Deng Wanbai's Law."

[Shigenori Tsutsui]

“Calligraphy Art 10: Deng Shiru et al.” (edited by Yujiro Nakata) (1972, Chuokoronsha) ▽ ““Calligraphy Masterpieces Series 165: Baishi Sodoki” (1971, Nigensha)” ▽ ““Calligraphy Masterpieces Series 196/197, A Tao Sun Poetry Review” (1975, Nigensha)”

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

中国、清(しん)代中期の書家。安徽(あんき)省懐寧の人。初名は琰(えん)、石如と字(あざな)していたが、のちに石如を名として字を頑伯と改め、故郷にそびえる皖公山(かんこうざん)の皖の字を二分して完白山人と号した。家は貧しく、ほとんど独学で勉強し、生涯仕官することなく、各地を遊歴しながら書と印とを売って暮らした。その書は、30代の8年間、江寧（南京(ナンキン)）の梅鏐(ばいりゅう)の家に寄寓(きぐう)し、日夜を尽くして古碑帖(じょう)を研究したことによって基礎を定めた。各体をよくしたが、ことに彼が復興した篆隷(てんれい)は清朝第一と称せられ、豪毅渾厚(ごうきこんこう)で風韻が高い。篆刻も漢印の精神を再生して新しい雄渾な刻風を樹立し、近代篆刻の大宗と仰がれ、弟子の包世臣(ほうせいしん)らにより碑学派の祖とされて後世に多大な影響を与えた。作品集に『完白山人篆刻偶存』『鄧完白法書選集』などがある。

［筒井茂徳］

『中田勇次郎編『書道芸術10　鄧石如他』（1972・中央公論社）』▽『『書跡名品叢刊165　白氏草堂記』（1971・二玄社）』▽『『書跡名品叢刊196・197　敖陶孫詩評』（1975・二玄社）』

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