Balad (English spelling)

Japanese: バラド(英語表記)balad
Balad (English spelling)
In Arabic, it originally meant a settlement, but is generally used to mean a city, a village, or a region that includes both. The ambiguity of Balad stems from the fact that cities and villages in Islamic society were not always strictly distinguished. The term "Holy Balad" refers to Mecca, and villages in Egypt and Iraq were also called Balad. However, Balad as a village is often used to mean an administrative village, as opposed to a natural village (qarya), and in this case it was understood by the central government as a unit for collecting taxes.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:
アラビア語で元来は定住地を意味するが,一般には〈都市〉や〈むら〉,あるいは両者を含む〈地方〉の意味に用いられる。このようなバラドの多義性は,イスラム社会の都市とむらが必ずしも厳密には区別されてこなかったことに由来する。〈聖なるバラド〉といえばメッカのことであるし,エジプトやイラクのむらもまたバラドと呼ばれた。もっとも,むらとしてのバラドは,自然村(カルヤqarya)に対して,行政村の意味に用いられることが多く,この場合には,中央政府により租税徴収の単位として把握された。

出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報

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