Babylonian Calendar - Babylonian Calendar

Japanese: バビロニア暦 - ばびろにあれき

The lunisolar calendar used in ancient Babylonia. The first day began at sunset, and a new month began when the moon first appeared after the new moon. Of the 30 days in a month, the 1st, 7th, 15th, and 29th (the days when the moon rests) were particularly important, and offerings were made to the gods. For a long time from the end of the Early Dynastic Period through the Achaemenid period (24th century BCE to 4th century BCE), each month was given a seasonal name associated with religious events or agricultural work, such as the "month of the festival of the goddess Baba" or the "month of the barley harvest," just like in the old Japanese calendar.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

古代バビロニアで使用された太陰太陽暦。1日は日没時に始まり，新月後初めて月が姿を現す日から新たな一月が始まった。1ヵ月30日のうち，1,7,15,29(〈(月が)寝所につく日〉)の各日がとくに重視され，神々には供物がささげられた。そして，初期王朝時代末以来アケメネス朝時代(前24世紀～前4世紀)に至る長い間，各月には日本の旧暦同様〈ババ女神の祭の月〉とか〈大麦収穫の月〉のごとく，宗教行事や農作業にちなんだ季節感あふれる名称が与えられた。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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