...In the 20th century, Seiichiro Ikeno classified the plant kingdom into 15 phyla (1906), of which 13 belong to cryptogams, and in this classification, cryptogams account for 87% of the plant kingdom. In more recent times, H.G.A. Engler established a system, and in the revised 12th edition of his Outline of Plant Families (1954), 15 of the 17 phyla in the plant kingdom are cryptogams, while in Hironori Terakawa and Fumio Maekawa's classification table (1977), 15 of the fungi kingdom, 8 of the 9 phyla in the plant kingdom, and 12 of the 17 classes in the remaining phylum are so-called cryptogams. It can be said that the progress of taxonomy has been in the subdivision of cryptogams. ... From [Flower Ceremony]...A. Eichler compiled his research from this perspective and published the two-volume Blütendiagramme (1875, 1878). His work formed the basis of H. G. A. Engler's classification system. The floral formula is a formula that expresses the composition of a flower by showing the types and numbers of leaves. It was invented by A. H. Grisebach (1854). Following the German formula, the calyx is represented by K (Ca - American and British system), the corolla by C (Co), the perianth by P, the stamens by A, and the pistils by G (Figure). ... From [Simpa]…Other works include “Parasitic Plants of America” (1883), “Interrelationships between Plants and Ants in Tropical America” (1888), and “The Coastal Plants of India and Malaysia” (1891). In Germany, around the same time as Schimper, HGA Engler (1844-1930) was a scholar who developed regional plant geography and plant taxonomy, and WP Köppen was a scholar who systematized climate classification. [Mitsuru Hotta] … From [Division plants]...A general term for plants that are apyrus and reproduce by binary division of the body. This term was coined by G. H. Engler (1892), and includes cyanobacteria (schistosomiasis) and bacteria (schistosomiasis). In terms of cell structure, this group has an undifferentiated nucleus and does not have mitochondria or chloroplasts, and can be grouped together as prokaryotes, but it is a collection of plants at the same evolutionary stage and is not a natural taxonomic group. *Some of the terminology explanations that mention "Engler, HGA" are listed below. Source | Heibonsha World Encyclopedia 2nd Edition | Information |
…20世紀に入り,池野成一郎は植物界を15門に分類した(1906)が,このうち隠花植物に属するものは13門で,ここでは〈隠花植物〉は植物界の87%の比重を占めている。さらに現代になるとエングラーH.G.A.Englerが体系を確立し,その後改訂された《植物分科概要》の12版(1954)では植物界17門中15門が,寺川博典・前川文夫の分類表(1977)では菌界15門と植物界9門中の8門および残り1門中の17綱中12綱がこのいわゆる隠花植物である。分類学の進歩は隠花植物を細分することにあったと言えよう。… 【花式図】より…アイヒラーA.Eichlerはこの立場から研究を集大成し,《花式図Blütendiagramme》全2巻(1875,1878)を出版した。彼の業績はエングラーH.G.A.Englerの分類大系の基礎をなしたものである。なお花式floral formulaは花葉の種類とその数を示して花の構成を表現する式でグリーゼバッハA.H.R.Grisebachにより発案された(1854)ため,ドイツ式にしたがって,萼をK(Ca―米英式),花冠をC(Co),花被をP,おしべ群をA,めしべ群をGであらわす(図)。… 【シンパー】より…ほかに,《アメリカの寄生植物》(1883),《熱帯アメリカにおける植物とアリの相互関係》(1888),《インド,マレーシアの海浜植物》(1891)などの著書がある。また,シンパーとほぼ同時代のドイツで,区系的な植物地理学や植物分類学を発展させた学者にエングラーH.G.A.Engler(1844‐1930)が,気候区分を体系化した学者にW.P.ケッペンがいる。【堀田 満】。… 【分裂植物】より…無核で,体の2分裂により繁殖する植物の総称。エングラーG.H.A.Englerが設定した用語で(1892),ラン藻(分裂藻)と細菌(分裂菌)がこれに属する。細胞の構造から見れば,この群は核が未分化で,ミトコンドリアや葉緑体を有せず,原核生物としてまとめられるものであるが,進化の段階が同程度の植物群を集めたもので,自然分類群ではない。… ※「エングラー,H.G.A.」について言及している用語解説の一部を掲載しています。 出典|株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について | 情報 |
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