Babylonian art

Japanese: バビロニア美術 - バビロニアびじゅつ（英語表記）Babylonian art

Art of the ancient Semites developed around the ancient city of Babylon, located about 80km south of Baghdad in Iraq, which belonged to the Mesopotamian civilization. It lasted for about 1800 years, from the Akkadian dynasty (c. 2400-c. 2200 BC) to the Neo-Babylonian period (625-539 BC). There are few remains due to frequent invasions by foreign tribes. Representative pieces include the head of King Hammurabi from his time (unearthed in Susa, 18th century BC, Louvre Museum), the relief on the Code of Hammurabi (unearthed in Susa, 18th century BC, Louvre Museum), the Goddess with a Jug (unearthed in Mari, 18th century BC, Aleppo Museum), and the Kneeling Man (unearthed in Larsa, 18th century BC, Louvre Museum). The Neo-Babylonian period was the period of Babylon's greatest prosperity under Nebuchadnezzar II, but the city was plundered and few remains were left behind, with only the Ishtar Gate (Pergamon Museum) and the monumental wall reliefs found on the Processional Way, the citadel, and the ruins of the royal palace being representative examples.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

メソポタミア文明圏に属し，今日のイラクのバグダード南方約 80kmの地点にあった古代都市バビロンを中心に展開された古代セム人の美術。期間はアッカド王朝（前2400頃～前2200頃）から新バビロニア（前625～前539）までの約 1800年間。たびたび異民族の侵略にあったため遺品は少ない。代表的なものにハンムラビ王時代の同王の頭像（スーサ出土，前18世紀，ルーブル美術館），ハンムラビ法典碑の浮彫（スーサ出土，前18世紀，ルーブル美術館），『水差しを持つ女神』（マリ出土，前18世紀，アレッポ美術館），『ひざまずく男』（ラルサ出土，前18世紀，ルーブル美術館）など。新バビロニア時代にはネブカドネザル2世によってバビロンが最も繁栄した時代であったが，略奪にあってほとんど遺品は残らず，『イシュタル門』（ペルガモン美術館）あるいは行列道路，城塞，王宮跡などにみられる壁面浮彫の記念碑が代表例。

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