A device that keeps the temperature of a specific location or container constant for a long time in order to perform industrial production, experiments, and other operations at a constant temperature, or to maintain a comfortable room temperature in a home. Also, a container equipped with such a device (constant temperature bath). It uses the thermal expansion of a gas (toluene) or liquid (mercury), or uses a bimetal or thermistor, and when the temperature changes, a relay activates a cooler or heater. There are low-temperature and high-temperature constant temperature baths. The former are often double-glazed containers (Dewar flasks, thermoses) with a vacuum insulation in the middle, and in some cases do not necessarily use a regulator, but use a constant melting or boiling point of ice, a refrigerant, liquid air, etc. High-temperature baths are containers insulated with glass wool or asbestos, and use air, water, salt solutions, glycerin, paraffin, etc. as a constant temperature bath, and a stirrer is used to make the temperature uniform. At particularly high temperatures, a hot bath using molten salt is used. All of these are used in physics and chemistry experiments and for heat treatment of metal materials. A simple thermostat is also used in aquariums for tropical fish. The English word thermostat is a compound word of thermo (heat) and stat (Greek origin, meaning to stand still). Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
工業生産,実験などの操作を一定温度のもとで行うため,また住宅の室温を快適にするため,特定の個所,容器の温度を長時間,一定に保つようにする装置。またこれを備えた容器 (恒温槽) 。気体 (トルエン) ,液体 (水銀) などの熱膨張を利用,またはバイメタル,サーミスタを用い,温度が変ると継電器でクーラーまたはヒータを作動させる。恒温槽は低温用と高温用があり,前者は中間を真空断熱にした二重ガラス容器 (ジュワーフラスコ,魔法瓶) が多く,場合により必ずしも調節器を用いず,氷,寒剤,液体空気などの一定融点または沸点を利用する。高温用は周囲をガラス綿,石綿などで断熱した容器で,定温浴として空気,水,塩類溶液,グリセリン,パラフィンなどを用い,攪拌器で温度を均一にする。特に高温では溶融塩などを用いる熱浴とする。いずれも物理・化学の実験や金属材料の熱処理に使われる。熱帯魚用の水槽に使われるのも一種の簡易サーモスタット。英語の thermostatは thermo (熱) と stat (ギリシア語源,停立の意) の合成語。
出典 ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典 小項目事典について 情報 |
<<: Zamoto (the head of a theater) - Zamoto
The first caliph of the Abbasid dynasty (reigned ...
...The hand is from the wrist down. [Arm] Because...
The ILO's Approaches to Social Security (1942)...
This is a Nichiren sect temple in Hanazono, Nishi...
Beryl is a cyclosilicate mineral. It is transpare...
A method for synthesizing high-purity primary alk...
...An imaginary bird that appears in East Slavic ...
A calendar used in ancient China. It was also call...
Industries involved in the creation, processing, ...
…It is known for the revenge of Yasubei Nakayama,...
…13th century French scholar. His real name was P...
Greek name usually given to the anonymous author o...
… [Genealogy of Western concepts of space] In the...
It is the planned regulation of the number of chi...
Located in Hinomisaki, Taisha-cho, Izumo City, Sh...