Hanako - Hanako

A Kyogen piece. A female Kyogen. A man (shite) living outside Kyoto learns that Hanako, who he became acquainted with at a lodging in Nogami, Mino Province, has come to Tokyo. He tries to trick his jealous wife into going to see her, but she says she has been having bad dreams lately and wants to go on a pilgrimage around the country, but she is not allowed to do so. He can only manage to get her to agree to stay in the Buddhist altar in the mansion for one night. So, as a precaution in case his wife comes to see him, he covers the reluctant Taro Kaja with a zazen futon and uses it as a substitute, and joyfully sets off. As expected, his wife comes to visit him, and feeling sympathy for his cramped appearance, he forces the futon on her and is angry when she finds out that it is the futon, but this time he covers himself and waits for her husband to return. Not knowing this, the husband returns home in a dreamlike state, telling her that he would be embarrassed to see her face, and so he tells her the whole story, from the time he visited Hanako's lodgings to their farewell the next morning, in a long, detailed poem, even going so far as to criticize his wife. When the husband takes off his futon, his wife corners him in shock.

The difficulty lies in the need to express the rich and sensual content elegantly, and chanting while dancing for a long time is not easy physically, so it is treated as a secret piece. This was made into a kabuki dance by Okamura Shiko as "Migawari Zazen" (a Tokiwazu/Nagauta dialogue), which was premiered by Onoe Kikugoro VI at the Ichimuraza Theater in Tokyo in 1910 (Meiji 43), and was added to the family's "Ten Kinds of New and Old Drama."

[Kobayashi, Responsible]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

狂言の曲名。女狂言。洛外(らくがい)に住む男（シテ）は、先年美濃(みの)国野上(のがみ)の宿でなじみになった花子が上京したので、嫉妬(しっと)深い妻をだまして会いに行こうと、近ごろ夢見が悪いから諸国行脚(あんぎゃ)に出たいというが許されず、一夜だけ邸内の持仏堂に籠(こも)ることを承諾させるのがやっとである。そこで、妻が見にきたときの用心に、嫌がる太郎冠者(かじゃ)に座禅衾(ざぜんぶすま)をかぶせて身代りにし、喜び勇んで出かけて行く。案(あん)の定(じょう)見舞いにきた妻は、窮屈そうな姿に同情し無理に衾をとり冠者と知って腹をたてるが、こんどは自分が衾をかぶり、夫の帰りを待ち受ける。そうとは知らず、夢見心地で帰宅した夫は、顔を見ては恥ずかしいからそのまま聞けと、花子の宿所を訪ねてから後朝(きぬぎぬ)の別れまでの一部始終を、妻の悪口まで交えて小歌で長々と語り尽くす。さて衾をとって驚く夫を妻が追い込む。

　濃艶(のうえん)な内容を上品に表現しなければならないところにむずかしさがあり、長々と舞いながら謡うことは体力的にも容易でないので、秘曲として扱われている。これを歌舞伎舞踊化したのが岡村柿紅(しこう)作『身替座禅(みがわりざぜん)』（常磐津(ときわず)・長唄(ながうた)掛合い）で、6世尾上(おのえ)菊五郎が1910年（明治43）東京・市村座で初演、家の芸「新古演劇十種」の一つに加えた。

［小林　責］

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