Ganglion (English spelling)

Japanese: ガングリオン（英語表記）Ganglion

What is the disease?

A thick, jelly-like liquid accumulates inside, causing it to swell. Tumor ( Hump ) It often occurs around the joints of the hand, but it can also occur around joints other than the hand. tendon ( sword ) (the muscles that transmit muscle contractions to bones to move the limbs) around the knees Meniscus ( Half moon ) or spine Intervertebral disc ( Kanban ) It also occurs near cartilage tissue such as:

It is said to be more common in active young women, but it can occur in patients of all ages, including children.

What is the cause?

One theory about those that develop near joints is that they occur when small amounts of fluid (synovial fluid), which is present in healthy joints, accumulates in a sac-like tissue connected to the joint by small holes, but the details are not known.

How symptoms manifest

Painless Tumor ( Hump ) In addition, when an unexplained pain occurs around the joints of the hand, detailed examination with an MRI scan reveals that the pain is located deep inside the body. Mass ( Production ) may be found.

If it occurs near nerves or blood vessels, it can cause numbness and swelling.

Testing and diagnosis

In typical cases, the location of the lesion and the feel of the lesion can lead to suspicion of this disease. When an ultrasound examination (echo examination) is performed, the lesion is visualized as a uniform black signal, which is evidence of fluid accumulation. If a needle is used to aspirate the contents and a jelly-like liquid comes out, this is one of the reasons to suspect this disease.

It is important to note that among the lumps that show symptoms similar to those of this disease, there is a very small possibility that a malignant tumor (sarcoma) may be mixed in. Even if the lumps are small, if you examine them and feel that they are slightly different from this disease, we will check the condition of the contents with an ultrasound or MRI.

Treatment methods

If the mass is relatively small and there are no symptoms such as pain, it may be sufficient to just observe the condition. sprain ( Sprain ) or Bruises ( Daboku ) In such cases, they may collapse and disappear naturally.

Treatment options include aspiration with a needle and surgery. The appropriate treatment and method will be determined based on the severity of the pain, the location of the lesion, its size, and any functional impairment caused by the disease.

Although aspiration with a needle can be easily performed in an outpatient clinic, there is a possibility of recurrence. Also, if the needle is inserted carelessly near important nerves or large blood vessels, it may damage the nerves or blood vessels, so care must be taken.

What to do if you notice an illness

First, consult with a local orthopedic surgeon. If you would like surgery or need to differentiate it from other tumors, ask to be referred to an orthopedic outpatient clinic at a slightly larger hospital.

Kenji Morii

Ganglion
Ganglion
(Skin Disease)

What is the disease?

It is a sac containing a jelly-like substance that originates from deeper than the skin. Tendon sheath ( Presentation ) (sheath that surrounds tendons) Joint capsule ( Analysis method ) It is continuous with or adjacent to the sac that surrounds the joint.

It occurs due to degeneration of the joint capsule or tendon sheath.

How symptoms manifest

A raised lump the size of a grain of rice to a ping pong ball appears around the joint. Usually there is no change on the surface of the skin, and the lump can be felt just below the skin (Figure 89). It usually occurs in the wrist and is uncomfortable but not usually painful. However, it may be painful if the nerve is compressed.

Testing and diagnosis

A diagnosis can be made by inserting a needle and aspirating the contents, and if they are a yellow, jelly-like substance.

Treatment methods

Once a diagnosis has been made, it is okay to leave it alone. Treatment is provided for those that grow larger, cause severe pain, or cause symptoms due to nerve compression.

Treatment involves sucking out the contents with a syringe and applying pressure to the skin. If the contents repeatedly accumulate, surgery may be required to remove them.

What to do if you notice an illness

Visit a dermatologist or orthopedic specialist to confirm the diagnosis and discuss treatment options.

Atsushi Tamura

Figure 89 Ganglion
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Figure 89 Ganglion

Source: Houken “Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia” Information about the Sixth Edition Family Medicine Encyclopedia

Japanese:

どんな病気か

　ゼリーのようなどろっとした液体が、なかにたまってくることで膨らんでくる瘤(こぶ)です。多くは手の関節のまわりに発生しますが、手以外の関節の周囲、腱(けん)（手足を動かすための筋肉の収縮を骨に伝えているすじ）のまわり、膝の半月板(はんげつばん)や脊椎の椎間板(ついかんばん)などの軟骨組織のそばにも発生します。