Abbreviated as NIOC. It was the first national oil company established among the oil-producing countries of the Middle East and Africa. In April 1951, under the Mossadegh regime in Iran, the bill to nationalize the oil industry was passed, and the National Oil Company of Iran was established by seizing the assets of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC, now British Petroleum, abbreviated as BP), which had held a monopoly on the country's oil interests. However, the US major As a result of the fact that the major oil companies (Exxon, Mobil, Socal, Texaco, and Gulf Oil) banded together to shut Iranian oil out of the world market, Iran's oil production dried up between 1952 and 1953, the country fell into political and economic turmoil, and the nationalization attempt ultimately failed. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
略称NIOC。中東・アフリカ産油諸国の国有石油会社中で最初に設立された。1951年4月,イランのモサッデク政権下で石油産業国有化法案が成立し,それまで同国の石油利権を独占していたアングロ・イラニアン石油会社(AIOC。現,ブリティッシュ・ペトロリアム,略称BP)の資産を接収することによりイラン国営石油が設立された。しかし,アメリカのメジャー社(エクソン,モービル,ソーカル,テキサコ,ガルフ・オイル)が結束してイランの石油を世界市場から閉め出したため,52年から53年にかけてイランの産油量は皆無となり,政治・経済が大混乱に陥り,結局国有化は失敗した。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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