Secured Bonds - TANPOTSUKI SHAI

Japanese: 担保付社債 - たんぽつきしゃさい
Secured Bonds - TANPOTSUKI SHAI

A bond with a security attached to it. It is the opposite concept to an unsecured bond. Formally, it refers to a bond with a security stipulated by the Secured Bond Trust Law (Law No. 52 of 1905). Since bonds are issued in large quantities, there are many bondholders, and bonds are transferred frequently, it is practically difficult to establish a security right for each bond individually. Therefore, by utilizing the principle of trust law, a trust company (trust bank) was placed between the bond issuing company (bond issuing company) and the bondholders, and the security right for the bondholders was entrusted to the trust company. In other words, the trust company acquires the security right through a trust contract between the bond issuing company (trustee company) and the trust company (trustee company) (Secured Bond Trust Law, Articles 2, Paragraph 1 and 18), and the bondholders, as beneficiaries, enjoy the benefits of the security according to the amount of the claim (Article 37 of the same law). The accepted methods of issuing secured bonds are either issuing bonds in one go (closed security) or issuing bonds in several installments (open security), with the latter being the majority. In Japan, most corporate bonds are issued as secured bonds, but only 19 types of real collateral are recognized under the Secured Bond Trust Law. Of these, the corporate collateral and foundation mortgage, which provide the company's total assets as a whole as collateral in a fluctuating state, are important.

[Shuzo Toda and Norihiko Fukuhara]

[Reference] | Company mortgage | Foundation mortgage | Business bond |Corporate bond | Collateral

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

社債権担保のために、物上担保がつけられている社債。無担保社債に対立する概念。正式には担保付社債信託法(明治38年法律第52号)によって定められた担保がつけられている社債をさす。社債は大量に発行され、社債権者の数も多く、社債の移転も頻繁であるので、各個の社債について個別的に物上担保権を設定することは事実上困難である。したがって、信託法理を利用し、社債発行会社(起債会社)と社債権者の中間に信託会社(信託銀行)を置き、これに社債権者のための物上担保権を信託することにした。すなわち、起債会社(委託会社)と信託会社(受託会社)間の信託契約(担保付社債信託法2条1項、18条)によって、受託会社が担保権を取得し、社債権者は受益者として担保の利益を債権額に応じて享受するのである(同法37条)。同一担保について社債を1回に発行するもの(閉鎖担保)と数回に分けて社債を発行するもの(開放担保)とが担保付社債の発行方法として認められているが、後者が大部分である。日本では、事業債についてはほとんどが担保付社債として発行されるが、担保付社債信託法上の物上担保としては19種のみが認められている。そのうち、株式会社の総財産を一体として変動するままの状態で担保に供する企業担保と財団抵当とが重要である。

[戸田修三・福原紀彦]

[参照項目] | 企業担保 | 財団抵当 | 事業債 | 社債 | 担保

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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