Iranian languages - Iranian languages

Japanese: イラン語派 - イランごは（英語表記）Iranian languages

A branch of the Indo-European language family. Together with the Indo-Aryan, it forms the Indo-Iranian branch. The languages known as Old Iranian are Avestan and Old Persian in the inscriptions of the Achaemenid kings, with Avestan being very similar to Sanskrit. The languages spoken from the 3rd century BC to the 10th century AD are known as Middle Iranian languages, including Middle Persian, which is close to Old Persian, Parthian, which is close to Avestan, Bactrian, Sogdian, and Saka. Of the modern Iranian languages from the 10th century onwards, the most important is Modern Persian, which is used in Iran, Afghanistan, and other places. It is also divided into many other languages, such as Kurdish, Ossetian, and Pashto, and is distributed over a wide area of Western Asia with approximately 50 million speakers.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

インド＝ヨーロッパ語族の一語派。インド＝アーリア語派とともにインド＝イラン語派をなす。古期イラン語と呼ばれるものは，アベスタ語と，アケメネス朝諸王の碑文の古期ペルシア語とであり，アベスタ語はサンスクリット語とよく似ている。前3～後 10世紀の言語は中期イラン語といわれ，古期ペルシア語に近い中期ペルシア語，アベスタ語に近いパルチア語，バクトリア語，ソグド語，サカ語などがある。 10世紀以降の近代イラン語のなかで最も重要なのは近代ペルシア語で，イラン，アフガニスタンなどで用いられる。ほかに，クルド語，オセト語，パシュト語など多くの言語に分れ，西アジアの広い地域に分布して，約 5000万人の話し手をもつ。

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