Born February 14, 1864 in Luzerne, Pennsylvania. Died: February 7, 1944, Nashville, Tennessee. American sociologist. While studying at the University of Michigan, he studied under J. Dewey. After graduating, he worked as a newspaper reporter and editor in Minneapolis, New York, Chicago, and other cities. He returned to the university and studied psychology at Harvard Graduate School, and in 1899 went to Berlin to study under G. Simmel. The following year he moved to Strasbourg and Heidelberg, where he wrote his doctoral dissertation, Masse und Publikum (1904). After returning to the United States, he became a professor at the University of Chicago in 1915 and became one of the leading sociologists of the Chicago School. He conceptualized European crowd research in an American way, and did pioneering work in the areas of collective behavior and racial issues. He also shed light on the human ecology of cities, emphasizing social processes, and, together with E. W. Burgess and others, established urban sociology as human ecology. His major works include Introduction to the Science of Sociology (21, co-authored with Burgess) and The City (25, co-authored with Burgess, R.D. Mackenzie, and L. Worth). Park |
[生]1864.2.14. ペンシルバニア,ルザーン [没]1944.2.7. テネシー,ナッシュビル アメリカの社会学者。ミシガン大学在学中,J.デューイの教えを受け,卒業後,ミネアポリス,ニューヨーク,シカゴなどで新聞記者や編集者をした。その後大学に戻り,ハーバード大学院で心理学を学び,1899年ベルリンへ留学し G.ジンメルに学んだ。翌年ストラスブール,ハイデルベルクへ移り,ここで学位論文『大衆と公衆』 Masse und Publikum (1904) を書いた。帰国後 1915年シカゴ大学教授となり,シカゴ学派の指導的社会学者の1人となった。彼はヨーロッパの群衆研究をアメリカ的に概念化して,集合行動や人種問題の領域での先駆的な仕事をした。また社会過程の重視から,都市における人間生態を明らかにし,E. W.バージェスらと組んで人間生態学としての都市社会学を樹立した。主著『社会学入門』 Introduction to the Science of Sociology (21,バージェスと共著) ,『都市』 The City (25,バージェス,R. D.マッケンジー,L.ワースと共著) 。 パーク
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