Mordant dyes

Japanese: 媒染染料 - ばいせんせんりょう(英語表記)mordant dyes
Mordant dyes

This refers to a dye that does not have the property of directly dyeing fibers, but can be fixed to fibers with an appropriate mordant.

Although cellulose fibers cannot be dyed directly with basic dyes, they can be dyed by first soaking the cotton in a tannin solution, which acts as a mordant, and then dyeing it with a basic dye. Most natural dyes are mordant dyes, and Turkish red made with alizarin, which uses aluminum salts such as alum as a mordant, is a typical example.

Synthetic dyes are classified into azo, xanthene, nitroso, and anthraquinone dyes in terms of chemical structure. Anthraquinone dyes are the most common. All of them have no sulfonic acid groups, but have hydroxyl groups that can form complex salts with metal ions, and can form water-insoluble metal complex salts on the fiber and fix them. Generally, they have good light fastness and washing fastness, but the dyeing method is complicated, the dyeing leveling is poor, and it is difficult to control the color tone, so they are rarely used except for acid mordant dyes, which are mordant dyes of the acid dye family.

[Tobita Mitsuhiko]

[Reference] | Alizarin | Acid mordant dye | Mordant

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

繊維に直接に染着する性質がなく、適当な媒染剤により繊維に定着できる色素をいう。

 セルロース繊維を塩基性染料で直接に染めることはできないが、あらかじめ媒染剤であるタンニン溶液に木綿を浸しておき、ついで塩基性染料で染色すると染着できる。天然染料のほとんどは媒染染料で、ミョウバンなどのアルミニウム塩を媒染剤とするアリザリンによるトルコ赤は、その代表である。

 合成染料においては、化学構造的には、アゾ、キサンテン、ニトロソ、アントラキノン系に分類される。アントラキノン系がもっとも多い。いずれもスルホン酸基をもたず、金属イオンと錯塩を形成しうるヒドロキシ基をもっており、繊維上で水不溶性の金属錯塩をつくり定着しうるものである。概して耐光、洗濯堅牢(けんろう)度は良好であるが、染色法が煩雑で、均染性が悪く、色調も制御しにくいなどから、酸性染料系の媒染染料である酸性媒染染料以外、ほとんど用いられていない。

[飛田満彦]

[参照項目] | アリザリン | 酸性媒染染料 | 媒染剤

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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