This refers to unused rocks discarded during the mining or sorting process at mines, coal mines, quarries, etc. It can be in the form of lumps, granules, or mud, depending on the processing process, and the muddy form is also called tailings. Some is used as construction material, filler for underground mining sites, etc., but the rest is piled up in tailings dumps (coarse rock) and tailings dams (mud). In non-ferrous metal mines, more than 90% of the raw ore extracted is waste rock, and it has become difficult to find places to dispose of it recently, so methods of processing and effective use are being considered. In 1976 (Showa 51), the amount of waste rock generated by mines in Japan was about 8 million tons per year, of which about 20% was used. In metal mines and coal mines in Hokkaido, waste rock is commonly called "zuri" (quarry), and in coal mines in Kyushu it is called "bota" (hard). The pyramidal piles of waste rock known as "bota mountains" were a symbol of the Chikuho coal mining region. [Kinjiro Aso] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
鉱山、炭鉱、採石場等で採掘あるいは選別の過程で廃棄される不用の岩石類をいう。処理過程によって塊状、粒状、泥状のものがあり、泥状のものを廃滓(はいさい)ともよぶ。土建材料、坑内採掘跡の充填(じゅうてん)材その他に一部利用されているが、それ以外は粗粒のものは廃石捨場に、泥状のものは廃滓ダムに堆積(たいせき)される。非鉄金属鉱山では採掘された原鉱の90%以上が廃石であって、その捨て場所が最近得がたくなっており、その処理および有効利用が検討されている。わが国の鉱山から出る廃石量は、1976年度(昭和51)で年間約800万トン、そのうち利用されているのは約20%である。 金属鉱山および北海道の炭鉱では、廃石のことを俗に「ずり(硑)」と称し、また九州の炭鉱では「ぼた(硬)」とよぶ。ピラミッド状に堆積した「ぼた山」は筑豊(ちくほう)炭鉱地帯の象徴であった。 [麻生欣次郎] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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