Yanagawa Domain

A Tozama Naka-han (outside clan) whose castle was located in Yanagawa, Chikugo Province (Yanagawa City, Fukuoka Prefecture). It is also written as Yanagawa-han. The clan was founded when Tachibana Muneshige, who served as the vanguard in Toyotomi Hideyoshi's Kyushu conquest and distinguished himself in battle, was given over 132,000 koku of land in and around Yanagawa, and made his castle there. Muneshige was stripped of his title because he belonged to the Western Army in the Battle of Sekigahara, and in his place, Tanaka Yoshimasa, who belonged to the Eastern Army and distinguished himself in battle by capturing Ishida Mitsunari, was given over 325,000 koku of land in the entire Chikugo Province and took over the domain. The Tanaka clan was extinct and abolished when Yoshimasa's successor, Tadamasa, died without an heir in 1620 (Genwa 6). Instead, Muneshige, who had been the lord of Mutsu Tanagura Castle (Tanagura Town, Fukushima Prefecture), was given back most of his former territory and re-entered the domain. From then until the domain was abolished, the Tachibana clan continued as the domain's lord for 11 generations. Among the successive lords, the ninth lord, Akikata, is known for founding the domain school Denshukan, and the eleventh lord, Akitomo, is known for his reforms of the domain's government during the Ansei period (1854-60). The domain's kokudaka (official kokudaka) was over 109,000 koku, and its internal kokudaka was over 155,000 koku at the end of the Edo period. The domain was abolished in 1871 (Meiji 4) during the reign of Kankan, and its territory was eventually incorporated into Yanagawa Prefecture, Mizuma Prefecture, and then Fukuoka Prefecture.

[Yasunori Koya]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

筑後(ちくご)国柳河（福岡県柳川市）に居城を置いた外様(とざま)中藩。柳川藩とも書く。豊臣(とよとみ)秀吉の九州征伐に先鋒(せんぽう)を務め戦功をあげた立花宗茂(たちばなむねしげ)が、柳河周辺13万2000石余を与えられ、柳河に居城を置いたのが同藩のおこり。宗茂は関ヶ原の戦いで西軍に属したために改易され、そのかわりに、東軍に属し石田三成(みつなり)を捕縛するなどの戦功をあげた田中吉政(よしまさ)が、筑後一国32万5000石余を与えられて入封した。田中氏は、吉政の後を継いだ忠政(ただまさ)が1620年（元和6）に後嗣(こうし)のないまま没したため、絶家・改易され、かわりに陸奥棚倉(むつたなぐら)城（福島県棚倉町）城主となっていた宗茂が、旧領のほとんどを回復されて、ふたたび入封した。以後廃藩まで立花氏が藩主として11代続いた。歴代藩主のうち、9代鑑賢(あきかた)は藩校伝習館(でんしゅうかん)の創立、11代鑑寛(あきとも)は安政(あんせい)期（1854～60）の藩政改革で知られる。藩の石高(こくだか)は表高(おもてだか)（公式の石高）で10万9000石余、内高(うちだか)は幕末で15万5000石余。1871年（明治4）鑑寛のときに廃藩となり、藩領は柳川県、三潴(みずま)県を経て、福岡県に編入された。

［荒野泰典］

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