Haiku - Haiku

Japanese: 俳句 - はいく

It is a fixed form poem consisting of three lines of 5-7-5 syllables, with seasonal themes used to describe natural scenery and human affairs. The term haiku came to be used in the Meiji era after the reform movement of Masaoka Shiki to mean the opening verse of haiku, and generally, haiku is used for poems from before the Edo period and haiku for those from after the Meiji era. Modern haiku arose around Shiki's reform movement in the 1880s and 1890s, and attempted to portray the beauty of nature as it is through sketching. After Shiki's death, it was taken over by Kawahigashi Hekigoto and Takahama Kyoshi, but at the end of the Meiji era, Hekigoto and Osuga Otsuji advocated a new trend in haiku, and the free verse movement (free verse) by Ogiwara Seisui and others also emerged. In response to this, Kyoshi advocated flower and bird poetry, and was active with "The Hototogisu," and his influence continues to this day. Around the beginning of the Showa era, the New Haiku Movement emerged, which sought a fresh and free realm of haiku and also advocated a proletarian haiku movement.
→ Related topics Haiku｜Seasonal almanac｜Sketch｜Form｜Open haiku

Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

５・７・５の３句17音からなる定型詩で，季題によって自然の風物，人事をよむ。俳句の語は明治になって正岡子規の俳諧革新運動以後，俳諧の発句(ほっく)の意味で使われるようになったもので，普通江戸以前のものを俳諧，明治以後のものを俳句と呼んでいる。近代俳句は明治20年―30年代，子規の革新運動を中心に興り，写生をもって自然の美をあるがままに写そうとした。子規没後は河東碧梧桐，高浜虚子らに引き継がれたが，明治末年には碧梧桐，大須賀乙字らが新傾向俳句を唱え，荻原井泉水らの自由律運動（自由律）も興った。これに対して虚子は花鳥諷詠(ふうえい)を唱え，《ホトトギス》によって活躍，その影響は現在にまで及んでいる。昭和初年ごろには新興俳句運動が興り，清新自由な句境を志し，またプロレタリア俳句運動も提唱された。
→関連項目句｜歳時記｜写生文｜定型｜発句

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