Nordeste

Japanese: ノルデステ

The region of Brazil, which refers to the northeast. It includes nine states, namely Maranhão, Piauí, Ceara, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraiba, Pernambuco, Alagoas, Sergipe, and Bahia, and the direct territory of Fernando de Noronha. It has an area of approximately 1.55 million ^km2 and a population of 53.08 million (2010). Today, it is a region of underdevelopment and poverty in Brazil, but until 1763, the capital of the Portuguese colony was Salvador in the current state of Bahia. Large sugar plantations (fazendas) developed on the Atlantic coast, and many black slaves were brought in from Africa, and the society and economy of the Nordeste were formed around the sugar industry. The inland area was developed as a supply point for food and raw materials for the sugar regions, and livestock farming, grains, cotton cultivation, etc. were carried out. After the 18th century, it was overwhelmed by sugar from the Caribbean region and began to stagnate. In 1959, the Northeast Brazilian Development Agency (SUDENE) was established, and industrial production has increased, but in recent years, the population has been concentrated in the large cities of Fortaleza, Recife, and Salvador. In the 1930s, novelists such as J. Amado appeared, who wrote about the social problems in the region, and promoted the modern literary movement. In addition, the number of tourists has increased, mainly due to colonial architecture and Afro-American folk events.
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Source : Heibonsha Encyclopedia About MyPedia Information

Japanese:

ブラジルの地域区分で，北東部を指す。マラニョン，ピアウイ，セアラ，リオ・グランデ・ド・ノルテ，パライバ，ペルナンブコ，アラゴアス，セルジペ，バイアの９州とフェルナンド・デ・ノローニャ直轄領を含む。面積約155万km²，人口5308万人（2010）。今日ではブラジル国内の低開発と貧困の問題地域となっているが，1763年までポルトガル植民地の主都は現バイア州のサルバドルであった。大西洋岸にサトウキビの大農園（ファゼンダ）が発達し，アフリカから多数の黒人奴隷が導入され，ノルデステの社会と経済は砂糖産業をめぐって形成された。内陸部は砂糖地帯への食糧・原料補給地として開発され，牧畜業，穀物，綿栽培などが行われる。18世紀以降カリブ海地域の砂糖に圧倒され，停滞が始まった。1959年に北東ブラジル開発庁（SUDENE）が設置され，工業生産が増加してきたが，近年大都市フォルタレザ，レシフェ，サルバドルへの人口集中が激化している。1930年代には同地方の社会問題を描いたJ.アマドらの小説家たちが登場し，近代文学運動を推進したほか，植民地時代の建築物，アフロ・アメリカ的な民俗行事を中心に観光客が増えている。
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