Indentured Servant

Japanese: 年季契約移民 - ねんきけいやくいみん（英語表記）indentured servant

In the 17th and 18th centuries, immigrants from Europe to the British colonies in North America were required to do unfree labor for a certain period of time after arrival. They were an important source of labor, accounting for more than half of the travelers to the North American colonies outside of New England. There were three types of immigrants: (1) deferred travelers, (2) kidnapped persons and forcibly deported persons, and (3) convicts. (1) was a system in which immigrants worked for three to five years for landowners or farmers who had paid their passage to America after arriving, to repay the passage fee. This was the most common method for Germans, but many English and Scottish immigrants also immigrated in this way.

Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information

Japanese:

17～18世紀，ヨーロッパから北アメリカのイギリス領植民地へ渡った移民で，到着後一定期間の不自由労働を義務づけられた者。ニューイングランド以外の北アメリカ植民地への渡航者の半数以上を占める重要な労働力源であった。これには次の3種類がある。(1)船賃後払い渡航者，(2)被誘拐者と強制的国外追放者，(3)罪人。(1)はアメリカへの渡航費を到着後支払った地主･農民のもとで，3～5年間労役に服して渡航費を返済する制度で，ドイツ人の場合これが最も多く，イギリス人やスコットランド人もこの方法で移民した者が多い。

出典　株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典第２版について　情報

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