Storeroom - Nando

Japanese: 納戸 - なんど
Storeroom - Nando

A room in a house where items that are rarely used on a daily basis or that are no longer used depending on the season are stored. Many farmhouses since the Edo period have called their bedrooms storerooms. Historically, it is thought that the bedrooms in the shinden-zukuri style, called yon-otodo or nurigome, began to be called storerooms at some point. The name seems to have changed in the Middle Ages. In shinden-zukuri, a two-ken section was partitioned off at the end of the main house as a sleeping area, and the sleeping area was built sturdy, with walls plastered around it or made of thick wooden walls. The entrance to the sleeping area depicted in medieval picture scrolls was a small opening in a sturdy, thick wooden wall, with a door made of thick boards with thick bars. The threshold of the entrance was often slightly higher than the floor level. It is thought that making the entrance small made it easier to defend or to keep out the cold. This type of structure would have made it convenient for storing important items. Some storerooms depicted in medieval picture scrolls contain swords that are thought to be used for self-defense. Also, in the medieval Imperial Palace, a shelf for storing swords and seals was set up in the Night Palace within Seiryoden, where the emperor lived. This style was continued even after the emperor's residence was moved to the Tsunegoten Palace, with the Sword and Seal Room being set up inside the Chodai-gamae (storeroom) behind the Jodan-ma.

As can be seen in the great hall of Nijo Castle, Edo-period samurai houses had a room called a "chodai-no-ma" or "storage room" next to the upper room, and a special type of sliding door called a "chodai-gamo" or "storage room" was erected between the upper room and the storage room. The storage room in this samurai house was a waiting room before and after the samurai went out to the upper room to greet their guests. In Edo-period farmhouses, many had a bedroom surrounded by a wall with few openings next to a room called a "kitchen" with a hearth, and this bedroom was called a "nand" or "chouda."

In modern homes, a room for storing items that are not used often is called a storeroom, and it is common for shelves to be built on the walls of a room of around three tatami mats in size.

[Hirai Sei]

[Reference] | Bedroom

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

Japanese:

住宅において日常使うことの少ない物や季節によって使わなくなる物などを収納しておく部屋。江戸時代以来の農家では、寝室を納戸とよんでいる所が多い。歴史的にみると、寝殿造において夜御殿(よんのおとど)あるいは塗籠(ぬりごめ)とよばれていた寝所が、いつごろからか納戸とよばれるようになったのがもとと考えられる。そのように呼び名がかわる時期は中世のことのようである。寝殿造では、母屋(おもや)の端に二間(ふたま)ほどを区画して寝所としているが、寝所は周囲を壁で塗り込めたり厚い板壁として堅固につくった。中世の絵巻物に描かれた寝所の入口は、堅固な厚い板壁に小さくあけられていて、太い桟のある厚い板でできた戸があった。また出入口の敷居を床の高さより少しあげることが多かった。出入口を小さくすることは、守りやすくするため、あるいは寒気を防ぐためと思われる。このような造りであったところから、たいせつな物を収めておくのにも都合がよかったのであろう。中世の絵巻物に描かれた納戸の中には、護身用と思われる刀が描かれているものがある。また、中世の内裏(だいり)において、天皇は住居としていた清涼殿の中の夜御殿の中に剣璽(けんじ)を収める棚を設けていた。この形式は天皇の住まいが常御殿(つねのごてん)に移ったのちも、上段の間(ま)の背後に設けられた帳台構(ちょうだいがまえ)(納戸構)の中を剣璽の間とするところに受け継がれている。

 二条城の大広間にみられるように、江戸時代の武家住宅では上段の間の隣に調台の間あるいは納戸とよばれる部屋を設け、上段の間との間に帳台構あるいは納戸構とよばれる特殊な形式の襖(ふすま)を立てている。この武家住宅における納戸は、武家が対面のために上段に出る前後の控えの間であった。江戸時代の農家では、いろりのある勝手などとよばれる部屋の隣に壁で囲まれ開口部の少ない寝室を設けるものが多く、この寝室を「ナンド」「チョウダ」などとよんでいる。

 近代の住宅では、あまり使わない物を収納しておくための部屋を納戸とよび、通常三畳程度の部屋の壁面に棚をつくるのが普通である。

[平井 聖]

[参照項目] | 寝室

出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例

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