The Académie Française, founded in 1635, decided in 1638 to compile a dictionary, the main purpose of which was to control the French language by defending it, preserving its purity, and establishing its usage, at the request of Prime Minister Richelieu, who intended to establish a centralized, despotic state. Beaugeras and Chapelin took the lead in the work, but after the death of Beaugeras (1650), delays became noticeable, and the first edition was finally published in 1694. Standardized French spread to the fields of academia and education, and local dialects gradually disappeared. From then on, the compilation of the dictionary continued as the Académie Française's main project, and the eighth edition was published between 1632 and 1635, and remains in use today. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
1635年創設されたアカデミー・フランセーズは,38年中央集権的専制国家の確立を意図する宰相リシュリューの要請により,フランス語の擁護,その純粋さの保持,慣用の確立など,フランス語に統制を加えることをおもな目的とした辞典の編纂を決定した。ボージュラとシャプランが中心となり作業は進行したが,責任者ボージュラの死 (1650) 以後遅れが目立ち,94年にようやく第1版が刊行された。規則化されたフランス語が学問,教育の領域にも広がり,地方の方言が次第に消滅することになる。以後辞典の編纂はアカデミー・フランセーズの主要な事業として継続され,1932~35年に第8版が刊行されて今日にいたっている。
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