Payment made within the period

Japanese: 内済 - ないさい

A judicial settlement in the Edo period. The shogunate preferred that lawsuits be settled privately whenever possible, and encouraged this, especially in cases of gold and silver borrowing and lending (unsecured gold and silver loans and similar lawsuits for claims, called "kanekuji"). In this case, the plaintiff (plaintiff) would obtain an endorsement from the magistrate's office ordering the other party (defendant) to appear, and would then bring the complaint to the headman of the opposing village. The headman and the five-man group would then recommend a private settlement in the presence of both parties. If the settlement was not reached, the other party was to appear at the magistrate's office. A private settlement was permitted even after the other party appeared in court and the two parties confronted each other. In the case of a private settlement, both parties had to prepare a document of settlement (also called a "sumikuchi shomon" document of settlement) and obtain the court's approval (a "sumikuchi mon-to" document of settlement), but in the case of "kanekuji," the petition by the plaintiff alone was sufficient, called a "katajikuchi" document. This system has now been replaced by the arbitration system.

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

江戸時代における裁判上の和解。幕府は訴訟がなるべく内済で終ることを望み，ことに金銀出入り (無担保利子付きの金銀貸借およびこれに準じる起債権の訴訟，これを金公事〈かねくじ〉という) では奨励しており，この場合訴訟人 (原告) が訴状に奉行所から相手方 (被告) に出頭を命じる旨の裏書を得て，これを相手方の村の名主のもとに持参すると，名主，五人組は両当事者を立会わせて内済を勧告した。内済が整わないときには，相手方は奉行所に出頭することになっていた。相手方が裁判所に出頭し，両当事者が対決したあとでも内済は許された。内済の場合には両当事者は内済証文 (済口証文〈すみくちしょうもん〉ともいう) を作成して裁判所の承認 (済口聞届) を得なければならないが，金公事の場合には片済口と称して，訴訟人のみの申立てで足りた。この制度は現在，調停制度へ引継がれている。

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