Beaumont, Francis

Japanese: ボーモント(英語表記)Beaumont, Francis
Beaumont, Francis
Born: circa 1584. Grace Dew, Leicestershire
[Died] March 6, 1616. London. English playwright. Known for his collaborations with J. Fletcher. Married in 1613 and retired from the theatre. Of the 52 plays included in the Collected Works of Beaumont and Fletcher (1679), Beaumont's only solo works are the comedy of temperament The Woman Hater (1605) and the satirical comedy The Knight of the Burning Pestle (07). There were fewer than ten collaborative works, but one of them, Philaster (c. 1609), became the model for many subsequent tragedies and comedies, and influenced the theatre of the Restoration period. Other collaborative works include the epic A King and No King (11), the tragedy The Maid's Tragedy (11), and the comedy The Scornful Lady (13).

Beaumont
Beaumont, William

Born: November 21, 1785 in Connecticut and Lebanon
[Died] April 25, 1853. St. Louis, Missouri. American military surgeon. While stationed at Fort Mackinac in northern Michigan, he treated a Canadian hunter who had been shot at close range in the left upper abdomen on June 6, 1822. The wound left a gastric fistula through which he could see into the stomach. He studied the process of digestion and recorded the chemistry of digestion, the time it takes for food to break down, and the effect of emotions on gastric juice secretion. He compiled the results in "Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion" (1833). He was the first person to observe the digestive mechanism in the human stomach, and this report was an important contribution to physiology.

Beaumont
Beaumont

A city in southeastern Texas, USA. It is located about 26 km northwest of Port Arthur, at the end of the Neches River. Early industries were lumbering and shipping. It later prospered as a shipping port for cotton, sugar cane, and livestock. In 1901, the state's first oil field was discovered in nearby Spindletop, and it formed the Texas Petrochemical Complex with the cities of Port Arthur and Orange. There are also factories for shipbuilding, ship repair, drilling machinery, and pipeline facilities. Population: 118,296 (2010).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:
[生]1584頃.レスターシャー,グレースデュー
[没]1616.3.6. ロンドン
イギリスの劇作家。 J.フレッチャーとの合作で知られる。 1613年に結婚して劇壇から引退した。 79年の『ボーモント=フレッチャー全集』に収められた 52編のうち,ボーモントの単独作は気質喜劇『女嫌い』 The Woman Hater (1605) と風刺喜劇『熱いすりこぎ団の騎士』 The Knight of the Burning Pestle (07) だけ。合作も 10編に満たないが,そのうちの代表作『フィラスター』 Philaster (09頃) は,以後の多くの悲喜劇の範となり,王政復古期の演劇にも影響を及ぼした。その他の合作に,伝奇劇『王にして王にあらず』A King and No King (11) ,悲劇『乙女の悲劇』 The Maid's Tragedy (11) ,喜劇『お高くとまった貴婦人』 The Scornful Lady (13) など。

ボーモント
Beaumont, William

[生]1785.11.21. コネティカット,レバノン
[没]1853.4.25. ミズーリ,セントルイス
アメリカの軍医。ミシガン州北部,マッキナク要塞に駐留中,1822年6月6日左の上腹部に至近距離から銃弾を受けたカナダ人の猟師の治療にあたったが,創痕が胃瘻となって残り,そこから胃の中を見ることができる状態だったので,消化の過程を研究し,消化の化学,食物の分解の時間,感情が胃液分泌に与える影響などを記録し,その結果を"Experiments and Observations on the Gastric Juice and the Physiology of Digestion" (1833) にまとめた。彼はヒトの胃での消化機構を観察した最初の人だったので,この報告は生理学に重要な貢献をした。

ボーモント
Beaumont

アメリカ合衆国,テキサス州南東部の都市。ポートアーサーの北西約 26km,ネチェズ川の遡航終点に位置する。製材と船舶輸送が初期の産業であった。その後,綿花,サトウキビ,家畜の積出港として繁栄。 1901年同州最初の油田が近郊のスピンドルトップで発見され,ポートアーサー,オレンジ両市とともにテキサス石油化学コンビナートを形成。その他造船,船舶修理,ボーリング機械,パイプライン施設の工場がある。人口 11万8296(2010)。

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