Also called trolling, this is a method of fishing for medium to large fish by pulling a bait or lure while sailing a boat, making it look like a small fish is swimming. You can also cast the lure from the shore and slowly pull it toward you with a reel. The target fish are a wide variety, including marlin, tuna, yellowtail, bonito, and mahi-mahi. Bonito, sea bass, and flounder can be caught from the shore. Trolling is popular as a game fishing in countries such as the United States and New Zealand, and competition organizations have been formed to classify rods, reels, and fishing lines, and compete to see who can catch the largest fish within that class. One such international organization is the International Game Fish Association (IGFA). The IGFA was founded in the United States in 1939. Its main purpose is to study fishing, as well as to collect and study fish, shellfish, and marine animals, but it also certifies the records of fish caught. The IGFA covers nearly 60 species of fish, and has approximately 9,000 members, 1,000 fishing associations, and more than 55 member countries. Its headquarters are in Florida, USA. A typical trolling boat is about 35 feet long, has a 100-150 horsepower diesel engine, a bed, a toilet, and one or two fighting chairs at the stern. It pulls bait at tides and flocks of birds at a speed of 3-6 knots. Fish such as mullet and flying fish are used as bait, but artificial lures such as feather jigs and vinyl baits shaped like octopus and squid are widely used. [Toshio Matsuda] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
引き釣りともいい、船を走らせながら餌(えさ)か擬餌鉤(ぎじばり)を引いて、それが小魚が泳いでいるように見せかけて、中・大形魚を釣る方法の一つ。また、海岸などから擬餌鉤を投げ、リールなどでゆっくり手前に引き寄せながら釣ってもいい。対象魚はカジキ、マグロ、ブリ、カツオ、シイラなど多種にわたる。海岸からはカツオ類、スズキ、ヒラメなどが釣れる。アメリカ、ニュージーランドなどの各国では、トローリングはゲーム・フィッシングとして盛んで、竿(さお)、リール、釣り糸に等級を設け、その等級内でいかに大きな魚を釣り上げるかを競う競技団体が結成されており、その国際的な組織に、IGFA(International Game Fish Association国際釣魚協会)がある。IGFAは1939年にアメリカで誕生。釣りの研究はもとより、魚貝類、海洋動物の採集・研究が主たる目的だが、釣った魚録の認定も行う。その対象魚は60種に近く、IGFA加盟は個人が約9000人、釣り会約1000、加盟国は55か国を超える。本部はアメリカのフロリダ州に置かれている。 典型的なトローリング用ボートは、船長35フィート前後、100~150馬力ディーゼルエンジン、ベッド、トイレット付きで、船尾にファイティング・チェア1、2基がついている。3~6ノットのスピードで、潮目やとりやま(鳥の群れ)を目標に餌を引く。ボラ、トビウオなどの魚が餌として使われるが、多くはフェザージグやタコ、イカなどをかたどったビニル・ベイトなどの擬餌鉤が広く用いられる。 [松田年雄] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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