Turkish bath - Torukoburo (English name) Turkish bath

A dry bath is a closed room filled with hot air, in which the body is washed after sweating. It was given this name by Westerners because it was often practiced in Islamic countries. In ancient Greece, Olympia had an underfloor heating system in the 8th century BC, and similar baths can be found today in the Korean peninsula and elsewhere. In ancient Rome and Pompeii, baths were called therme (heat), and there were municipal public baths that consisted of a cold bath, a low-temperature bath, a moderate-temperature bath, and a hot-air room at the end. In Italy, steam baths began to be used at the end of the 13th century, in which heated stones were placed in a tub, water was poured over, steam was released, and the body was covered with cloth and steamed. These were mainly used by women. The Finnish sauna is a combination of steam bath and hot-air bath, in which after sweating, the skin is lightly hit with birch branches and leaves and then a cold bath is taken.

[Noh Sato]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

密室に熱気を充満させ、発汗後からだを洗う乾燥浴。イスラム圏でよく行われるため、西欧人によりこの名でよばれた。古代ギリシアのオリンピアでは紀元前8世紀に床下暖房式のものがあったが、類似のものが現在朝鮮半島などにみられる。古代ローマやポンペイでは浴場をテルメ（熱）といい、冷浴室、低温浴室、適温浴室の順に通り、最後が熱気室になっている市営の公衆浴場があった。またイタリアでは13世紀末から蒸し風呂が行われるようになり、熱(ねつ)した石を桶(おけ)に入れて水を注ぎ、蒸気を発散させ、布でからだを覆って蒸されるもので、おもに女性に用いられた。フィンランドのサウナsaunaは蒸気浴と熱気浴をあわせたもので、発汗後、シラカンバの枝葉で皮膚を軽く打ち、冷浴をするものである。

［佐藤農人］

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