Tomo no Miyatsuko

Japanese: 伴造 - とものみやつこ

In the pre-Taika period, the surnames of small and medium-sized clans in the central area were mostly obito, miyatsuko, and muraji. They hereditarily controlled the tomobe, kodai, and nadai people, who were the benotami of the Yamato government and the great royal family. They themselves owned benotami and field estates, and some, such as the Otomo clan and the Mononobe clan, grew to become powerful clans. They controlled benotami with occupations such as inbe no obito and nisigoribe no muraji. After the Taika Reforms, influential people became aristocrats, but many became lower-ranking government officials, tomo no miyatsuko (tomobe), and led the shinabe and zatsuko.

Source: Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition About Obunsha Japanese History Dictionary, Third Edition

Japanese:

大化前代，中央の中小豪族
姓 (かばね) は首 (おびと) ・造 (みやつこ) ・連 (むらじ) が多い。大和政権や大王家の部民 (べのたみ) である品部 (ともべ) ・子代・名代の民を世襲的に統率。みずからも部民・田荘 (たどころ) を所有し，なかには大伴氏や物部 (もののべ) 氏のように大豪族に成長したものもある。忌部首 (いんべのおびと) ・錦織部連 (にしごりべのむらじ) などの職業を有する部民を統率。大化の改新以後，有力者は貴族となったが，多くは下級官人である伴部 (とものみやつこ) （ (ともべ) ）となり品部 (しなべ) ・雑戸 (ざつこ) を率いた。

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