Perrot, Jules

Japanese: ペロー（英語表記）Perrot, Jules

Born: August 18, 1810, Lyon
[Died] August 18, 1892. Param French dancer and choreographer. Full name Jules-Joseph Perrot. The greatest contributor to the creation of the Romantic ballet era. As depicted in Edgar Degas' painting "The Dance Class," Perrot was short and not particularly good-looking, but he was nicknamed "Perrot, the Spirit of the Air" for his agility and jumping ability. He first worked as a clown in the circus while studying under Auguste Vestris and others. In 1830, he joined the Paris Opera Ballet and attracted attention as the partner of Marie Taglioni, but due to his popularity, a power struggle arose and he was defeated, so he left the troupe for a while and performed as a guest performer in various parts of Europe. He also began to work on choreography. Later, he discovered Carlotta Grisi in Italy, educated her, and later married her. He premiered "Gypsy" with Grisi as his partner at the Paris Opera, and choreographed Grisi's dance for the lead role in "Giselle" in 1841, which was a great success, but the honor officially went to Jean Coralli, who choreographed the other parts. Disappointed, Perrault moved to London, and after his divorce in 1848, he worked as a choreographer at the Mariinsky Theatre Ballet in St. Petersburg, where he trained Marius Petipa. He returned to Japan in 1859 and died in obscurity. Other major works include "Ondine" (1843), "Esmeralda" (1844), "Pas de Quatre" (1845), and "The Judgment of Paris" (1846).

Perot
Perot, Ross

Born June 27, 1930 in Texarkana, Texas
[Died] July 9, 2019. American businessman and politician from Dallas, Texas. Full name Henry Ross Perot. As a boy, he was a member of the Boy Scouts and entered the Naval Academy in 1949. He served in the U.S. Navy until 1957, then worked for IBM, but left in 1962 to found Electronic Data Systems (EDS), a company that designs and operates data processing systems. With the implementation of the health insurance system in the late 1960s, the company expanded dramatically, and in 1968 it rose to the status of a billionaire when it went public on the stock market. At one point, the company fell into a management crisis, including incurring huge losses while trying to rescue a securities company, but in the 1980s it successfully won a contract to manage computer systems for army bases and recovered its financial base. In 1984, he sold EDS to General Motors and became an executive of the company, but resigned in 1986 due to conflicts with the management. During this time, he attracted public attention for his efforts to rescue his company's employees during the 1979 hostage crisis in Tehran. In the 1992 presidential election, he ran as a "third candidate" and received 19% of the support, pointing out the drawbacks of the two-party system. In 1995, he founded the Reform Party. He ran again in the 1996 presidential election and received 8% of the support.

Perot
Perrault, Charles

Born: January 13, 1628 in Paris
Died May 15, 1703. French poet and fairy tale writer. He entered the legal profession and worked under Colbert. In 1671, he became a member of the Académie Française. He started out by writing poetry, but then turned to prose, and wrote Histoires ou contes du temps passé (1697) based on folklore. This included eight fairy tales, including Cendrillon (Cinderella), La Barbe-Bleue (Bluebeard), Le Petit Chaperon rouge (Little Red Riding Hood), and La Belle au bois dormant (Sleeping Beauty). In 1687, at the Academie, he recited a poem entitled Le Siècle de Louis le Grand (The Century of Louis the Great) to celebrate the King's recovery from illness, sparking the "controversy between the old and the new," and played an active role as a leader of the modernists, fiercely debating with the ancientists such as Boileau. His other works include A Comparison of Ancients and Moderns (88-97) and Apologie des femmes (94).

Perot
Perrault, Claude

Born: September 25, 1613, Paris
[Died] October 9, 1688. Paris. French architect and physician. Brother of fairy tale writer Charles Perrault. Involved in several architectural designs for the French court. His design for the east facade of the Louvre (1667-74) is his masterpiece and a typical example of the Baroque character of French architecture in the second half of the 17th century. Other works he designed include the Arc de Triomphe (60) and the Observatoire (67), both of which were built in memory of Louis XIV. His major work is Ordonnance des cinq espéces de Colonnes (83).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

[生]1810.8.18. リヨン
[没]1892.8.18. パラム
フランスの舞踊家，振付家。フルネーム Jules-Joseph Perrot。ロマンチック・バレエ時代をつくり上げた最大の功労者。エドガー・ドガの絵『ダンス教室』に描かれているように，背は低く，容姿に優れなかったが，俊敏で跳躍力があったところから「大気の精ペロー」の愛称で呼ばれた。初めサーカスの道化などをしながらオーギュスト・ベストリスらに師事。1830年パリ・オペラ座バレエ団に入り，マリー・タリオーニの相手役を務めて注目を集めたが，その人気の高さから権力抗争が起こり敗れて同座を一時離れ，ヨーロッパ各地を客演。振り付けも手がけるようになる。その後イタリアでカルロッタ・グリジを見出して教育，のちに結婚。パリ・オペラ座でグリジをパートナーとして『ジプシー』を初演，1841年『ジゼル』の主役を演じたグリジの踊りを振り付け大成功を収めるが，公式にはほかの部分を振り付けたジャン・コラリがその名誉を得た。失望したペローはロンドンに移り，1848年離婚後はサンクトペテルブルグのマリインスキー劇場バレエ団で振付家として活動，マリウス・プティパを育成。1859年帰国し，不遇のうちに生涯を閉じた。主要作品はほかに『オンディーヌ』（1843），『エスメラルダ』（1844），『パ・ド・カトル』（1845），『パリスの審判』（1846）など。

ペロー
Perot, Ross

[生]1930.6.27. テキサス，テキサカーナ
[没]2019.7.9. テキサス，ダラス
アメリカ合衆国の実業家，政治家。フルネーム Henry Ross Perot。少年期はボーイスカウト団員として活動し，1949年に海軍兵学校に入学。1957年までアメリカ海軍に所属，その後 IBMに勤めたが，1962年に退職してデータ処理システムの設計・運用を行なうエレクトロニック・データ・システムズ Electronic Data Systems; EDSを創立。1960年代後半の医療保険制度実施に伴い飛躍的に事業を拡大し，1968年の株式上場で億万長者の地位に駆け上がった。一時，証券会社の救済を試みて巨額の損失を出すなど経営危機に陥るが，1980年代に陸軍基地コンピュータ・システム管理の受注に成功して経営基盤を回復させた。1984年には EDSをゼネラル・モーターズに売却し同社の重役につくが，経営陣と対立して 1986年辞職。この間，1979年の在テヘラン・アメリカ大使館員等人質事件の際には自社社員を救出しようと尽力して世間の注目を集めた。1992年の大統領選挙では「第3の候補」として出馬，二大政党制の弊害を指摘して 19%の支持を得た。1995年には改革党を設立。1996年の大統領選にも再び出馬して 8%の支持を獲得した。

ペロー
Perrault， Charles

[生]1628.1.13. パリ
[没]1703.5.15. パリ
フランスの詩人，童話作家。法曹界に入り，コルベールの下で働いた。 1671年アカデミー・フランセーズ会員。初め詩を書いていたが，散文に転じ，民間伝承をもとに『童話集』 Histoires ou contes du temps passé (1697) を著わした。このなかには「シンデレラ」 Cendrillon，「青ひげ」 La Barbe-Bleue，「赤頭巾」 Le Petit Chaperon rouge，「眠れる森の美女」 La Belle au bois dormantなど8編の童話を収録。 87年アカデミーで，国王の病気回復を祝って『ルイ大王の世紀』 Le Siècle de Louis le Grandと題した詩を朗唱，「新旧論争」の口火を切り，近代派の旗頭として活躍，ボアローらの古代派と激しく論戦した。ほかに『古代人と近代人の比較』 Parallèle des anciens et des modernes (88～97) ，『女性礼賛』 Apologie des femmes (94) 。

ペロー
Perrault， Claude

[生]1613.9.25. パリ
[没]1688.10.9. パリ
フランスの建築家，医者。童話作家のシャルル・ペローの兄。フランス宮廷のいくつかの建築デザインに関与。ルーブル宮殿の東面のデザイン (1667～74) は彼の代表作であるとともに 17世紀後半のフランス建築のバロック的性格を典型的に示す。そのほかにルイ 14世を記念した凱旋門 (60) ，オプセルバトアール (67) などの作品がある。主著に，『五つの種類の円柱の構成』 Ordonnance des cinq espéces de Colonnes (83) 。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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