Tobol'sk

Japanese: トボリスク（英語表記）Tobol'sk

A city in Tyumen Oblast, Western Siberia, central Russia. It is a river port city located about 200 km northeast of the oblast capital Tyumen, in the southwestern part of the Western Siberian lowlands, where the Tobol River flows into the Irtysh River. It was one of the centers of early Russian colonization of Siberia, founded in 1587, and later developed as a commercial center. At the end of the 19th century, when the Trans-Siberian Railway was built, the city fell into decline because it did not pass through the city, but later a railway was built from Tyumen to the oil-producing city of Surgut. Industries include shipbuilding, plywood, carpets, and food (fish processing and meat), and the city is known for its mammoth and walrus tusk carvings. In 1978, an oil refinery and petrochemical complex was built here following the development of the Tyumen oil fields along the Ob River. There is a pedagogical university and a history and architecture museum. Population: 96,800 (1991 estimate).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

ロシア中部，西シベリア，チュメン州の都市。州都チュメンの北東約 200km，西シベリア低地南西部，トボル川がイルトゥイシ川に流入する地点に位置する河港都市。ロシア人による初期のシベリア植民の中心地の一つで，1587年につくられ，のち商業中心地として発展した。 19世紀末シベリア横断鉄道敷設に際して，同鉄道が市を通らなかったため衰退したが，その後チュメンから産油地スルグートへ延びる鉄道が通じた。造船，合板，絨毯，食品 (水産加工，食肉) などの工業があり，マンモスやセイウチの牙の彫刻で知られる。またオビ川沿岸のチュメン油田の開発に伴って，1978年ここに石油精製・石油化学コンビナートが建設された。教育大学，歴史・建築博物館がある。人口9万 6800 (1991推計) 。

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