Doctrinaires (English spelling) French

A political group during the French Restoration. They are translated as "Puritans" or "Orthodox." They are theorists who tried to establish a centrist political philosophy among the Constitutional Royalists who emerged in opposition to the right-wing radical Royalists. Their leader was Loyer-Collard, and other famous figures included Guizot, Achille Charles Léonce Victor, Duke of Broglie (1785-1870), and Charles François Marie, Comte de Rémusat (1797-1875). They rejected both absolute monarchy based on the divine right of kings and Rousseauian democracy, and advocated a moderate constitutional monarchy based on limited suffrage. They were distinguished from the liberals led by Constant, who aimed for a British-style parliamentary monarchy, in that they allowed the king to play an active role in politics. Although they were a minority group, they had great influence, leading the enactment of the 1817 Electoral Law, which was favorable to the liberal bourgeoisie, and the 1819 Press Law, which abolished censorship. In the 1820s, they criticized the reactionary policies of the Radical Royalist government from the standpoint of defending the Constitutional Charter. During the July Monarchy, this position was taken over by the conservative Resistance faction.

[Haruhiko Hattori]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

フランス復古王政期の政治グループ。純理派、正理論派などと訳す。右翼の過激王党派に対抗して生まれた立憲王党派のなかにあって、中道政治の哲学を打ち立てようとした理論家たちをさす。その中心はロアイエ・コラールで、ほかにギゾー、ブロイ公Achille Charles Léonce Victor, duc de Broglie（1785―1870）、シャルル・ド・レミュザCharles François Marie, comte de Rémusat（1797―1875）らが有名。王権神授説にたつ専制君主制とルソー的デモクラシーとをともに退け、制限選挙制に基づく穏和な立憲王制を説いたが、国王に政治に対する積極的役割を認める点で、イギリス風の議会制王制を目ざすコンスタンらの自由派と区別される。少数派ながら影響力は大きく、自由主義ブルジョアに有利な1817年の選挙法、また検閲の廃止を定めた19年の新聞法の制定を主導し、20年代には立憲憲章擁護の立場から過激王党政府の反動政策を批判した。7月王政期には、この派の立場が保守派たる抵抗派に受け継がれることになる。

［服部春彦］

出典　小学館　日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について　情報 | 凡例