When the correspondence between points on figure A and points on figure A ' is one-to-one and this correspondence and its inverse correspondence are continuous, this correspondence is called a homeomorphism or topological mapping from A onto A ', and when such a correspondence exists, A and A ' are said to be homeomorphic or topological. In other words, A and A' are said to be homeomorphic when each point P of A corresponds to exactly one point P ' of A ' , and (1) for any point P ' on A' , there is exactly one point P of A that corresponds to P ' , and (2) if point Q of A is moved closer to P , the corresponding point Q ' of A ' will approach P ', and conversely , if point Q' of A' is moved closer to P' , the corresponding point Q of A will approach P. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
図形Aの点を図形A′の点にうつす対応が1対1対応で,この対応および逆の対応が連続であるとき,この対応をAからA′の上への同相写像,または位相写像といい,このような対応が存在するときAとA′は同相,または位相同型であるという。つまり,Aの各点PにはA′のちょうど1点P′が対応していて,(1)A′のどんな点P′をとってもP′に対応するAの点Pがちょうど一つ定まり,(2)Aの点QをPに近づくように動かせば対応するA′の点Q′はP′に近づき,逆にA′の点Q′をP′に近づくように動かせば対応するAの点QはPに近づくという性質をもつとき,AとA′は同相であるというのである。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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