Dushanbe (English spelling)

Japanese: ドゥシャンベ（英語表記）Dushanbe

The capital of Tajikistan. Dyushambe was the capital of Tajikistan until 1929, and Stalinabad from 1929 to 1961. It is located in the Gissar Valley in the southwest of the country, facing the Dushanbinka (Varzob) River, a part of the Amu Darya system. It was newly formed during the Soviet era by merging three settlements, and developed rapidly after being selected as the capital of the Tajik Autonomous Republic in 1924. It grew especially after World War II, and the population concentration is remarkable. It became the capital of independent Tajikistan in 1991. The city produces one third of Tajikistan's industrial production, and is involved in industries such as textiles, food (oils and fats, meat, wine), leather and shoe manufacturing, as well as electric cables and electric refrigerators. It is also the educational and cultural center of Tajikistan, with technical, educational, medical and agricultural universities, a science academy, a theater, and a history and local museum. The city is well developed, with many high-rise buildings and greenery. It is a key transportation hub, with a railway linking Tashkent, the capital of Uzbekistan, with Kulyab, and a highway linking Tashkent with Khorog, and it also has an international airport. Population: 724,000 (2010 provisional).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

タジキスタンの首都。 1929年までジュシャンベ Dyushambe，1929～61年はスタリナバード Stalinabad。同国南西部のギッサール谷にあり，アムダリア水系ドゥシャンビンカ (バルゾブ) 川に臨む。旧ソビエト連邦時代に三つの集落を合わせて新たに形成された都市で，1924年タジク自治共和国の首都に選ばれてから急速に発展した。特に第2次世界大戦以降成長し，人口集中が著しい。 1991年独立したタジキスタンの首都となる。タジキスタンの工業生産の3分の1を市が生産し，繊維，食品 (油脂，食肉，ワイン) ，皮革・製靴などの工業のほか，電気ケーブル，電気冷蔵庫製造も行なわれている。またタジキスタンの教育，文化の中心地で，工科，教育，医科，農業の各大学，科学アカデミー，劇場，歴史・郷土博物館などがある。市街が整備されて，高層建築も多くなり，緑化が進んでいる。交通の要地で，ウズベキスタンの首都タシケントとクリャブを結ぶ鉄道，タシケントとホローグを結ぶハイウェーが通り，国際空港もある。人口 72万4000（2010暫定）。

出典　ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典ブリタニカ国際大百科事典小項目事典について　情報

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