Generally, it is a Latin word meaning "guide" or "leader." In the military, it was already a title indicating a position between the commander of a Roman legion and a senior legion officer in the 3rd century, but when the separation of civil and military administration was initiated by Emperor Diocletian, it became the title of the military commander in charge of border defense in the border provinces. It can be translated as "military commander" or "military inspector." Initially, it was a knight's rank, but under the reign of Valentinian I, it was given the status of a senator. The jurisdiction of the senator usually covered one province, but sometimes extended to more than that. Source: Heibonsha World Encyclopedia, 2nd Edition Information |
一般的には〈案内者〉〈指導者〉を意味するラテン語。軍事的にはすでに3世紀,ローマの軍団長と軍団高級将校の中間の地位を表す称号となっていたが,ディオクレティアヌス帝によって始められた民政・軍政の分離に際し,辺境属州で国境防衛にあたる軍隊指揮官の称号となった。〈軍司令官〉〈監軍〉などと訳される。当初は騎士身分だったが,ウァレンティニアヌス1世治下に元老院議員身分を与えられるようになった。その管轄領域は通常1属州だが,ときにそれ以上の地域に及ぶこともあった。
出典 株式会社平凡社世界大百科事典 第2版について 情報 |
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