A cave dug into rock. Also called a grotto. Examples include sea caves created by the erosion of waves, limestone caves (stalactite caves) created by the dissolution of limestone, and lava tunnels created by the leakage of the inside of lava flows. Various organisms live in caves, and humans also lived in caves during the Stone Age. Traces of human life left in caves are called cave ruins. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
岩石内に掘込まれたほら穴。洞穴ともいう。波の浸食作用によってつくられる海食洞や石灰岩の溶食作用によって生じた石灰洞 (鍾乳洞) ,溶岩流の内部が流出して生じた溶岩トンネルなどはその例。洞窟内には種々の生物が生息するほか,人類も石器時代にはおもに洞窟に居住していた。洞窟内に残された人類の生活の跡を洞窟遺跡という。
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