Kirkcaldy (English spelling)

Japanese: カーコーディ（英語表記）Kirkcaldy

A city in southern Fife, eastern Scotland, UK. It is located on the north shore of the Firth of Forth, an inlet of the North Sea. It became a chartered city in 1450, and developed as a commercial center and port city in the 15th and 16th centuries, especially in the salt trade. Trade declined in the 18th century due to the Jacobite Rebellion and the independence of the American colonies, but in the 19th century it was revived by the linen industry, and reached its peak in the second half of the 19th century with the development of the linoleum industry. Later, as plastic and vinyl came to be used for floor coverings, the linoleum industry declined, and most of the industrial area was redeveloped as residential areas. Today, malt, linen, rope, furniture, electrical appliances, etc. are mainly manufactured here. It is the birthplace of economist Adam Smith. Population: 47,090 (2004 estimate).

Kirkcaldy
Kirkcaldy, Sir William

[Born] February 3, 1520.
Died August 3, 1573. Edinburgh. Scottish soldier. A Protestant, he conspired with N. Leslie to murder Cardinal D. Beaton in 1546. In 1567 he became the leader of the nobles who rose up against the marriage of Mary Stuart to Bothwell (Earl of Bothwell), and captured her at Carberry Hill. He later became her supporter, and from 1568 he defended Edinburgh against the army of the Regent, Earl of Moray, until he finally succumbed and was executed.

Kirkcaldy
Kirkcaldy

The former name of a district in eastern Fife, eastern Scotland, UK. It was established as a district in Fife county in the 1975 local government reorganisation, and was abolished in 1996 when the county was converted into a unitary authority (council area).

Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information

Japanese:

イギリス，スコットランド東部，ファイフ南部の都市。北海の入り海フォース湾の北岸に位置する。1450年に勅許都市となり，15～16世紀には商業中心地，港町として発展，特に食塩の取り引きが盛んであった。18世紀にはジャコバイトの反乱やアメリカ植民地の独立などの影響によって貿易が衰退したが，19世紀に入ってリネン工業で復興し，19世紀後半リノリウム工業の発達により最盛期を迎えた。その後プラスチックやビニルが敷物用に用いられるようになったため，リノリウム工業は衰退し，工場地帯の大部分は住宅地として再開発された。今日ではおもに麦芽，リネン，ロープ，家具，電気器具などが製造される。経済学者アダム・スミスの生地。人口 4万7090（2004推計）。

カーコーディ
Kirkcaldy， Sir William

[生]1520.2.3.
[没]1573.8.3. エディンバラ
スコットランドの軍人。新教徒で，1546年 N.レズリーと共謀して枢機卿 D.ビートンを殺害。 67年メアリー・スチュアートとボスウェル (伯)の結婚に反対して蜂起した貴族たちのリーダーになり，カーベリーヒルに対決して彼女を捕えたが，その後は彼女の支持者になり，68年から摂政マレー伯の軍に抗してエディンバラを守り抜いたが，ついに屈して処刑された。