A mobile warfare in which tanks and ground support aircraft break through enemy lines in one fell swoop. With the cooperation of the air force, armored units concentrate their attacks on a part of the enemy's front line, break through that part, and then advance deep into the enemy's rear to psychologically shake up the enemy and divide their lines. The German army tried this tactic in the Spanish Civil War in 1938, and first used it on a large scale in the invasion of Poland in 1939, which triggered World War II. It was later used against Belgium, the Netherlands, and France in 1940, and Erwin Rommel also adopted it in North Africa. It is said that Israel also used this tactic in the 1967 Six-Day War. The 1991 Gulf War, in which multinational forces won in 100 hours, was also a typical example of blitzkrieg. Source: Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia About Encyclopaedia Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Information |
戦車,地上直援機を中心に一挙に敵陣を突破する機動戦。空軍の協力のもとに,装甲部隊が敵の第一線の一部を集中的に攻撃,そこを突破して,抵抗する敵を後続の歩兵部隊にゆだね,敵の後方深く進出して心理的に敵をゆさぶり,敵陣を分断する戦法。ドイツ軍が 1938年のスペイン内乱で試み,第2次世界大戦のきっかけとなった 1939年のポーランド侵入で,初めて大規模に行なった。その後 1940年にベルギー,オランダ,フランスに対してもこの戦法がとられ,エルウィン・ロンメルも北アフリカでこの戦法を採用した。1967年の第3次中東戦争(→六日戦争)で,イスラエルがとったのもこの戦法といわれる。多国籍軍が 100時間で勝利を得た 1991年の湾岸戦争も電撃戦法の典型であった。
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