In Western tonal music, the act of transposing an instrument into a key different from the original key so that it matches the natural range of the voice or instrument. For example, if an original piece in C major is transposed upward by a major third, it becomes a piece in E major. In popular music, a capo is attached to the fingerboard of a guitar to change the length of the open strings before playing, allowing the player to freely transpose and accompany the piece by simply learning the fingering for two or three keys. A similar idea has been attempted since the 16th century for keyboard instruments, with a mechanism for moving the entire keyboard to make playing easier, and this has been carried over to the Indian harmonium and modern electronic instruments. Similar operations are also performed in atonal music, twelve-tone music, and early modern Japanese music, but these are more appropriately called transposition or placement. [Osamu Yamaguchi] Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
西洋の調性音楽において、声や楽器の固有音域にあうように、ある楽器を原調とは異なる調に移すこと。たとえばハ長調の原曲を長3度上方へ移調すれば、ホ長調の曲となる。ポピュラー音楽系統では、ギターの指板の上にカポタストを取り付けて開放弦の長さを演奏の前に変えることにより、二、三の調性の指づかいを覚えるだけで自由に移調して伴奏するくふうがなされている。鍵盤(けんばん)楽器でも、類似の発想で、鍵盤全体を移動させる仕組みで演奏を容易にすることが16世紀以来試みられ、インドのハーモニウムや現代の電子楽器などに引き継がれている。なお、無調音楽、十二音音楽、近世邦楽でも類似の操作が行われるが、これらは移高、移置といったほうが適切である。 [山口 修] 出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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