Guercino - Guercino (English spelling)

Italian painter. His real name was Giovanni Francesco Barbieri. He was nicknamed Guercino, which means "looking across the street." He was born in Cento, near Ferrara. He first studied under a teacher there, but his early works showed influences from Northern Italy and Venice, and he was influenced by the works of Lodovico Carracci. After creating the altarpiece "Madonna and Child with Four Saints" for the Basilica of St. Augustine in his birthplace in 1616, he was involved in creating altarpieces throughout Italy. In 1621, he went to Rome when Bologna-born Pope Gregory XV became pope, and under his patronage he created "Saint Petronilla" (Capitoline Museum, Rome) and the ceiling painting "Aurora" for the Ludovisi Villa, but returned home in 1623 when the pope died. In 1642, he moved to Bologna after the death of the leader of the Bolognese school, Guido Reni, and led the school. In his later years, he was influenced by Reni's style and remained within the classical framework.

[Toru Miyoshi]

Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend

イタリアの画家。本名ジョバンニ・フランチェスコ・バルビエリGiovanni Francesco Barbieri。通称グエルチーノは「やぶにらみ」の意。フェッラーラ近郊チェントの生まれ。最初同地の師に学ぶが、初期の作品には北イタリアおよびベネチアの影響がみられ、ロドビコ・カラッチの作品に感化を受ける。1616年生地の聖アゴスティーノ聖堂の祭壇画『聖母子と四聖人』を制作して以後、イタリア各地で祭壇画制作に携わる。21年ボローニャ出身の教皇グレゴリウス15世就任を機にローマに赴き、その庇護(ひご)のもと『聖女ペトロニッラ』（ローマ、カピトリーノ美術館）、ルドビージ家別荘の天井画『アウローラ』を制作したが、23年教皇死去に伴い帰郷。42年ボローニャ派の指導者グイド・レーニ亡きあとのボローニャに移り住み同派を率いる。晩年はレーニの作風の影響を受け、古典主義的な枠内にとどまった。

［三好　徹］

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