A city in North Rhine-Westphalia in mid-west Germany. It is one of the major industrial cities in the western part of the Ruhr industrial area, and has the world's largest river port. It has a population of 498,400 (2006). It is located at the confluence of the Ruhr and Rhine, and is the starting point of an inland canal that crosses Germany from east to west. The port has an area of 21,000 square kilometers and a quay length of about 60 kilometers, and connects with ports up and down the Rhine and overseas ports, importing and exporting iron ore, oil, coal, steel, sand, soil, timber, etc. The turnover reached 6,050 million tons in 1980. In terms of industry, it is a steel city that produces about 45% of the pig iron and 35% of the crude steel produced in the Ruhr region, and machinery, shipbuilding, and chemical industries are also thriving. The origins of the city are unclear, but it was established around the 9th century and became a city in the 12th century. It joined the Hanseatic League in the 14th century and developed as an industrial city since 1831. The university that existed from 1655 to 1818 was rebuilt in 1972. It is the place where the famous cartographer Mercator died, and there is a bronze statue of him in front of the city hall. [Hiroshi Kobayashi] [Reference] |Source: Shogakukan Encyclopedia Nipponica About Encyclopedia Nipponica Information | Legend |
ドイツ中西部、ノルトライン・ウェストファーレン州の都市。ルール工業地帯の西部にある有数の工業都市で、世界最大の河港をもつ。人口49万8400(2006)。ルール川とライン川との合流点に位置し、ドイツを東西に横断する内陸運河の起点をなす。港は泊地面積2万1000平方キロメートル、岸壁の延長約60キロメートルに及び、ライン川の上・下流や海外の諸港と連絡し、鉄鉱、石油、石炭、鋼鉄、砂、土、木材などを輸出入する。その取扱高は1980年には60億5000万トンに達した。工業ではルール地方生産の銑鉄の約45%、粗鋼の約35%を産出する製鉄都市で、そのほか機械、造船、化学の工業も盛ん。 市の起源は明らかではないが、9世紀ごろからおこり、12世紀には都市となった。14世紀にハンザ同盟に加わり、1831年以来工業都市として発展した。1655~1818年にあった大学は1972年再興された。著名な地図学者メルカトルの死没地で、市役所前に彼の銅像がある。 [小林 博] [参照項目] |出典 小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ)について 情報 | 凡例 |
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